分类： spa

　　editorial comment/note

　　At present, the phased results of epidemic prevention and control in China have been further consolidated, important progress has been made in resuming work and production, and the economic and social operation order has been accelerated. At the same time, the international epidemic continued to spread, the downside risks of the world economy intensified, and the unstable and uncertain factors increased significantly. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that in the face of the severe and complicated international epidemic and the world economic situation, we should adhere to the bottom line thinking and make ideological preparations and work preparations for coping with external environmental changes for a long time. Politburo meeting of the Chinese Communist Party, held on April 17th, made it clear that the strategy of expanding domestic demand should be firmly implemented to safeguard the overall situation of economic development and social stability. In order to further understand the important role of expanding domestic demand in coordinating epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development, the Economics edition specially invited three experts and scholars today to analyze the current macroeconomic situation and deeply interpret the strategy of expanding domestic demand.

　　Jiabin

　　Liu Shijin, Deputy Director of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference Economic Commission

　　Han Baojiang, Director of Economics Department of Central Party School

　　Liu Yuanchun, Vice President of China Renmin University

　　host

　　Guangming Daily reporter Zhang Yan Chen Heng

　　Shijin liu

　　Han Baojiang

　　Wenchun Liu

　　Portrait: Lu Chongguang’s painting

　　1. Fully grasp the total demand situation and accurately understand the significance of expanding domestic demand.

　　Moderator: According to the economic data of the first quarter released by the National Bureau of Statistics, affected by the epidemic, although the economic growth rate of China in the first quarter decreased by 6.8% year-on-year, the decline of major economic indicators in March was obviously narrowed, and the pace of economic recovery was accelerated. Excuse me, how do you view the current macroeconomic situation in China?

　　Liu Shijin:This economic downturn is due to an unexpected super external shock, rather than problems such as serious shortage of demand and excessive leverage in the economy. It is different from the financial or economic crisis. Under the external impact of the epidemic, economic recovery depends on two factors, one is the duration of the epidemic, and the other is the degree of production capacity damage. If the epidemic lasts for a short time and the production capacity is limited, a V-shaped rebound can occur after the epidemic; If the epidemic lasts for a long time, or the production capacity is seriously damaged, it is not so easy to rebound. Therefore, in addition to controlling the epidemic as soon as possible, the short-term policy focuses on minimizing the damage to production capacity and protecting productivity. Judging from the data in March, the signs of economic recovery are obvious.

　　In this case, I think we should adopt the evaluation method of "relative growth rate" to examine China’s economic growth, that is, use the ratio or difference between China’s growth rate and the world average growth rate to evaluate China’s economic growth. The basic background of this method is that China’s economy has been integrated into the global economy to a great extent, and the impact of this epidemic is also global. Compared with the past, if this ratio or difference is stable or rising, it shows that China’s economic performance is good, and vice versa. For example, in 2019, the average growth rate of the world economy was 2.9%, that of China was 6.1%, and the relative growth rate was 3.2%; If the world’s growth rate is -2.5% and China’s is 3% in 2020, our absolute growth rate will decrease, but the relative growth rate will increase to 5.5%, then China’s economic performance will be excellent. In a word, we should treat the current economic development of China comprehensively and dialectically.

　　Liu Yuanchun:The economic downturn caused by the epidemic is completely different from the general economic crisis and financial crisis. In epidemics such as infectious diseases, economic activities are almost completely at a standstill due to personnel isolation, and the complete industrial chain breaks into a single enterprise, and products, elements and funds cannot flow normally. Therefore, in a short period of time, the economic decline caused by the epidemic is often more severe than the economic recession caused by the financial crisis. But for the economy, the epidemic is a typical exogenous systemic shock, and the resulting economic downturn is also exogenous. For example, the decline caused by the epidemic is like an emergency in the economy, while the economic crisis is more like a chronic disease caused by bad living habits. Therefore, as long as the epidemic situation can be quickly controlled and the emergency can be quickly cured, the economy may achieve rapid recovery. On the whole, although China’s economy has been severely hit by the epidemic, the basic conditions and factors supporting the long-term improvement of the economy have not changed, the trend of industrial upgrading and rapid growth of new kinetic energy has not changed, and the economic and social operation order is accelerating recovery and continuing to improve.

　　Moderator: Politburo meeting of the Chinese Communist Party, held on April 17th, made it clear that the strategy of expanding domestic demand should be firmly implemented and the expansion of domestic demand should be placed in a more important position. If we want to make a comprehensive analysis of total supply and total demand, what kind of total demand situation are we facing at present? What is the significance of putting forward the strategy of expanding domestic demand?

　　 Liu Yuanchun:According to the data of the first quarter and March, China suffered a severe total supply shock and total demand shock during the epidemic, but since March, the total demand has rebounded moderately. With the epidemic basically under control, the main macroeconomic contradiction is changing from a big impact on both supply and demand to a lack of total demand. In March, the resumption of work and production progressed smoothly, and the supply side started relatively quickly. Comparatively speaking, the recovery of demand side was relatively slow, and insufficient total demand was the main factor restricting the rapid economic recovery.

　　Specifically, the impact on consumer demand is the most obvious, 1-mdash; In March, the total retail sales of social consumer goods decreased by 19.0% year-on-year, but the decline in March was 1-mdash; It narrowed by 4.7 percentage points in February; In terms of investment demand, the epidemic has led to a rapid decline in fixed assets investment in China, which is gradually recovering. Compared with the same period of last year, although the fixed assets investment in the three major industries has dropped significantly, the growth rate of fixed assets investment in pharmaceutical manufacturing and Internet companies is significantly higher than that of the whole society. During the epidemic, more advanced technologies were widely used and the industrial structure of fixed assets investment was further optimized. In terms of net export demand, the accumulated trade surplus in the first quarter decreased by 80.6% compared with the same period of last year, but the foreign trade import and export in March was 1-mdash; In February, there was a significant improvement from the previous month.

　　The central government’s proposal to firmly implement the strategy of expanding domestic demand is conducive to maintaining the basic stability of total demand. Insufficient aggregate demand is the main problem facing the macro-economy at present, and the basic stability of aggregate demand is conducive to the stable development of macro-economy. At present, on the one hand, it is necessary for the whole industrial chain to resume production, on the other hand, it is necessary to prevent the second shutdown due to no orders and no demand after the resumption of production. In the current situation that foreign trade has not declined in an all-round way, there is a good window to boost domestic demand and prepare for shock prevention in advance, which must not be missed.

　　At present, the epidemic is spreading around the world, and the global value chain is facing a severe risk of breakage. If this situation lasts for a long time and the external demand is insufficient for a long time, it will pose a threat to the integrity of China’s industrial chain. Expanding domestic demand is conducive to maintaining domestic production capacity, maintaining the integrity and smoothness of the domestic industrial chain and creating favorable conditions for rapid economic recovery. In addition, the strategy of expanding domestic demand can not only achieve the goal of macroeconomic stability, but also guarantee the basic livelihood of grassroots people in many ways, which is conducive to maintaining the basic stability of society.

　　Han Baojiang:From the economic development history since China’s reform and opening up, the strategy of expanding domestic demand is an effective way to deal with the impact of the crisis. In 1997, in response to the impact of the Asian financial crisis on exports and utilization of foreign capital, the central government proposed "expanding domestic demand and strengthening infrastructure construction", which played an important role in minimizing the impact of the Asian financial crisis and achieving rapid and healthy economic development in China. After the outbreak of the international financial crisis in 2008, the central government made a strategic decision to deal with the impact of the crisis by expanding domestic demand, and launched a 4 trillion package of economic stimulus policies. China’s economy quickly realized a V-shaped rebound, which not only played an important role in completing the economic development goals at that time, but also made up for the shortcomings of economic and social development to a great extent by investing in infrastructure and ten strategic industries. At present, in response to the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic, the central government has made a strategic decision to expand domestic demand, not only to better hedge the external demand that has fallen sharply due to the spread of the epidemic in the world, but more importantly, to safeguard the safety of the domestic industrial chain and supply chain and to maximize the stable development of China’s real economy. By expanding investment demand, it is also conducive to speeding up the shortcomings of unbalanced and uncoordinated development and laying a solid foundation for future economic and social development.

　　By expanding domestic demand and providing more demand space for the products or services produced by enterprises to achieve a "thrilling leap", more enterprises can survive and employment, finance and people’s livelihood can be guaranteed. Moreover, to expand domestic demand, especially investment demand, there are long-term "strategic" considerations: not simply to let enterprises "survive", but also to focus on meeting the new industrial revolution, cultivating new development momentum, and increasing investment in new technologies, new industries and new business models; Focus on maintaining the relatively complete manufacturing advantages of China’s industrial chain, and increase investment in the shortcomings and weaknesses of the industrial chain in order to win a better future.

　　Liu Shijin:To cope with the impact of the epidemic and achieve steady growth, the current policy focus must be on stabilizing consumption. In the past, when we encountered economic downturn, our first thought was to expand investment demand, especially infrastructure investment, which was related to the economic structure and the growth stage at that time. For example, in 2008, in response to the impact of the international financial crisis, a 4 trillion stimulus plan was implemented. At that time, in the GDP increment calculated by the expenditure method, investment accounted for 62.8%, consumption accounted for 42.5%, and investment accounted for more than consumption, so the demand stimulus was mainly to expand investment demand. By 2019, in the GDP increment calculated by the expenditure method, the proportion of investment has dropped to 17.2%, the proportion of consumption has risen to 66.9%, and the proportion of household consumption has reached 49.5%. The proportion of consumption is far greater than that of investment, which shows that the key to steady growth at this stage should be to stabilize consumption, especially household consumption.

　　2. New opportunities, new features and new requirements for expanding domestic demand strategy.

　　Moderator: Focusing on the strategy of expanding domestic demand, the Politburo meeting of the Chinese Communist Party held on April 17th made arrangements from many aspects, such as stimulating consumption and investment, and promoting people’s livelihood security. What impact will these measures have on enterprises and individual residents?

　　Han Baojiang:The strategy of expanding domestic demand will bring many opportunities to enterprises. Expanding residents’ consumption and increasing public consumption will stimulate the demand for "high-quality necessities", such as health care, culture and entertainment, tourism and leisure, low-carbon ecology and other industries, which will usher in new and greater development space. The state will increase its investment in "new infrastructure", which is not only of great benefit to many enterprises directly related to "new infrastructure", but also can more effectively promote the development of traditional industries such as steel, cement and construction. Therefore, enterprises should closely follow the national policies and find and seize the development opportunities that suit them.

　　The positive impact of the strategy of expanding domestic demand on individual residents mainly comes from the policies closely related to the production and life of ordinary people, such as ensuring employment, ensuring basic livelihood, encouraging residents’ consumption and increasing the transformation of old residential areas. For example, under the impetus of relevant policies, enterprises’ efforts to reduce prices and promote sales will bring cheap goods and "consumer surplus" to consumers, the state encourages automobile consumption and other policies to bring new "demand satisfaction" to consumers with corresponding needs, and the transformation of old communities will directly improve the living and living quality of residents.

　　 Liu Yuanchun:It will have a significant positive impact on the development of enterprises. China is in the stage of rapid development of new industrialization, informationization, urbanization and agricultural modernization, and the investment demand potential is still huge. Judging from the published fiscal policy, effective investment will be actively expanded in the future, including the renovation of old residential areas, strengthening investment in traditional infrastructure and new infrastructure, and expanding investment in strategic emerging industries. These measures have increased the support for private capital to participate in projects in key areas, which is conducive to mobilizing the enthusiasm of private investment. Enterprises, especially the vast number of private and small and medium-sized enterprises, should seize the opportunity and expand their own development space. On April 17th, Politburo meeting of the Chinese Communist Party proposed "supporting enterprises to export to domestic market" and supporting some foreign trade production capacity to domestic market, which is also the breakthrough point for enterprises to adapt to positive macro policies and promote their own development. The benefits of individual residents in the strategy of expanding domestic demand are direct and concrete. Judging from the policies that have been promulgated, it can directly enhance the purchasing power of residents and improve the living standards of special groups.

　　Moderator: What macro-policy measures are usually adopted to expand domestic demand? What are the new features of the current domestic demand expansion strategy compared with the previous domestic demand expansion policy?

　　Han Baojiang:The macro-policy measures to expand domestic demand are mainly proactive fiscal policy and prudent monetary policy. At present, the requirements of the central government are: the proactive fiscal policy should be more active and promising, and some measures and requirements have been put forward, such as improving deficit ratio, issuing special anti-epidemic bonds, increasing special bonds of local governments, and improving the efficiency of fund use, so as to give greater play to the role of proactive fiscal policy in stabilizing the economy; A prudent monetary policy should be more flexible and appropriate, including the use of RRR cuts, interest rate cuts, refinancing and other means to maintain a reasonable and abundant liquidity, guide the interest rate in the loan market to fall, and use funds to support the real economy, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, and so on.

　　Some supply-side structural reform policies, industrial policies and social policies aimed at improving the quality of China’s economic development and improving labor productivity and total factor productivity have also been added to the policy of expanding domestic demand. These policy measures have jointly formed a "policy combination boxing" with China characteristics, which is also a policy system to realize the modernization of China’s economic governance. There are still many specific measures to expand domestic demand, and at present, there are still many tools in our policy toolbox that have not been taken out.

　　A notable feature of the current strategy of expanding domestic demand is that it does not engage in flood irrigation, but starts from promoting the high-quality development of the national economy and meeting the needs of the people’s better life, and exerts its strength from both the supply side and the demand side, aiming at the structural contradictions and shortcomings in the development of the national economy, and provides the right medicine and precise policies. The focus of the policy is to solve the problem of insufficient imbalance in the development of social productive forces, and on this basis, actively cultivate new economic growth points and form more new kinetic energy for economic development.

　　Liu Yuanchun:At present, the macro-economic policies to expand domestic demand focus on people’s livelihood assistance, economic stimulus and the reform to turn crisis into opportunity, which mainly show the following characteristics: fiscal policy expansion is the main body, supplemented by monetary policy; Take the project layout as the guide and follow up with capital investment; The combination of epidemic relief and short-term expansion, short-term stimulus and medium-term development; Based on bottom line management and camera decision-making, it will be gradually promoted in stages; Demand expansion is coordinated with supply management, consumption start-up and investment expansion are parallel, and multi-channels and multi-tools are implemented simultaneously.

　　The policy of expanding domestic demand is being implemented, and the fiscal policy includes three categories, totaling 23 items, with a total expenditure of 1.3 trillion yuan and an implementation amount of more than 500 billion yuan; Monetary policy includes 30 financial supports and a monetary policy promotion plan, with a total of 4.4 trillion yuan of financial support. In terms of consumption promotion policies, 23 departments have issued 19 categories of policies, and many places have also issued policies such as providing consumer vouchers and income subsidies in coordination with epidemic relief; The investment promotion policy focuses on old and new infrastructure, and the investment expansion policy focusing on "new infrastructure" will effectively improve short-term demand and provide a better foundation for high-quality development.

　　Moderator: Under the premise of normalization of epidemic prevention and control, promoting "six stabilities" and grasping "six guarantees" are the main focus of persisting in striving for progress while maintaining stability and grasping all aspects of economic and social development. How to combine expanding domestic demand with promoting "six stabilities" and "six guarantees"?

　　Han Baojiang:The "six guarantees" are the "policy bottom line" for implementing the strategy of expanding domestic demand. In other words, no matter the policy of expanding consumer demand or investment demand, we should make overall arrangements for the "six guarantees", the active fiscal policy should be more active in the "six guarantees", and the prudent monetary policy should be moderately loose in the "six guarantees" field.

　　Among them, I pay special attention to ensuring residents’ employment, basic people’s livelihood and market players. To ensure employment, it is necessary to do a good job in the employment of key industries and key groups, and the employment of college graduates should be the top priority in the near future. To ensure the basic livelihood, we need to do a good job in ensuring people’s livelihood, increase the intensity of poverty alleviation, and ensure that the task of poverty alleviation is fully completed as scheduled; Improve social security and ensure the basic livelihood of the people. To protect the main body of the market, it is necessary to speed up the implementation of various policies, and strive to help small and medium-sized enterprises tide over the difficulties and improve their survival and development capabilities by reducing taxes and fees, financing costs and housing rents. Protecting market players is helpful to maintain the stability and competitiveness of China’s industrial chain supply chain, and promote the coordinated resumption of production and production in the industrial chain.

　　Liu Yuanchun:The combination of expanding domestic demand and the goals of "six stabilities" and "six guarantees" embodies the basic idea of "bottom line management" of economic policy. Expanding domestic demand can not only help macroeconomic stability, but also guarantee the basic livelihood of grassroots people and help maintain social stability. Only an adequate demand management policy can ensure that the economic system can quickly return to normal after the shutdown, so that enterprises can get enough orders to maintain normal operation after the resumption of work and production, and avoid stopping work and stopping production again and dismissing workers. Therefore, demand recovery and moderate demand expansion are the most fundamental methods to ensure residents’ employment and the foundation to protect market players. It ensures the basic employment of residents and the normal operation of market players, which also guarantees the basic livelihood of the people. Wage income and operating income are the core of residents’ income and the basis of fiscal revenue. The normalization of fiscal revenue is not only the basis of various public utilities and transfer payments, but also the basis of the normal operation of local governments. In the above sense, expanding domestic demand is the core and foundation of "six stabilities" and "six guarantees" and the key to ensuring the basic operation of the economy and society.

　　Regardless of "six guarantees" or "six guarantees", the first place is employment. According to estimates, every percentage point increase in China’s GDP will bring about 2 million jobs, but every percentage point increase in GDP will bring about nearly 4 million unemployment. Therefore, we must fully realize the seriousness of completing the employment task and turn the goal of ensuring and stabilizing employment into a policy goal and policy action to expand domestic demand.

　　3. Make a good combination of policies to ensure the synergy of macro policies.

　　Moderator: The central government has proposed to hedge the impact of the epidemic with greater macro-policy, a proactive fiscal policy, and a prudent monetary policy. How can fiscal policy and monetary policy work together to expand domestic demand?

　　Liu Yuanchun:In the policy combination of crisis relief, monetary policy is often the main policy, supplemented by fiscal policy. However, this traditional coping policy faces more constraints and constraints when dealing with the economic downturn caused by the epidemic. First of all, the traditional monetary policy is to create a relaxed environment conducive to enterprise investment and household consumption by lowering interest rates and expanding money supply. However, when economic activities are interrupted and the industrial chain is broken, the cash flow income of families and enterprises is interrupted, and they are uncertain about their future expectations, and often have no willingness to expand consumption and investment. At this time, too much emphasis on monetary policy, increasing liquidity and encouraging debt consumption or investment may make families and enterprises bear a heavier debt burden. Therefore, the response of households and enterprises to monetary policy is often low. Secondly, the traditional fiscal policy helps to reduce the cost of enterprises by reducing taxes and fees, but it has limited help to expand investment demand. In the state of stagnant production activities of enterprises, tax reduction and fee reduction are conducive to reducing the fixed costs of enterprises, so that enterprises can last longer without income cash flow. However, in the absence of downstream demand, enterprises are unwilling to resume work and production, and the stimulating effect of tax reduction and fee reduction policy on expanding enterprise production and investment is limited.

　　Under the limited means of traditional monetary policy and fiscal policy, what is needed to restart the economy is a one-time total demand, especially the final demand. The expansion of final demand can realize bottom-up transmission along the industrial chain and become the exogenous driving force for the economy to break away from the suspended state. Before the uncertainty of epidemic situation and market risk are eliminated, this exogenous driving force mainly depends on government expenditure. Once the economy begins to recover, the normal economic operation mechanism will begin to play a role, and the role of traditional expansionary monetary policy and fiscal policy will gradually emerge.

　　 Han Baojiang:Theoretically, in the macro-control system, there is a division of labor between fiscal policy and monetary policy. Although both of them can play a role in expanding the economic aggregate, fiscal policy is more capable of solving structural problems and making more precise policies. Although monetary policy can also play a structural role through policy tools such as differential interest rates, its advantage is mainly to solve the problem of loose or tight aggregate. Therefore, the two should have a division of labor, give full play to their own strengths, and cooperate to avoid the hedging of policy effects. For example, the purpose of structural tax reduction is to reduce the burden on small and medium-sized enterprises. If the tax burden is reduced and the problems of difficult and expensive loans are not solved, enterprises will also be unable to live or live well. Only when the two fluctuate at the same frequency and work together can enterprises realize the real burden reduction and survive the crisis well.

　　Moderator: To maintain the overall situation of economic development and social stability, we must adhere to the new development concept, adhere to the supply-side structural reform as the main line, and persist in promoting high-quality development with reform and opening up as the driving force. How does the policy of expanding domestic demand organically cooperate with these requirements?

　　Liu Shijin:The importance of demand policy lies in responding to the short-term impact of the epidemic. From the long-term development point of view, economic recovery and development still need to rely on exerting structural potential. For decades, China’s economic growth rate has been much higher than that of developed economies, mainly relying on its structural potential. This structural potential is the late-developing advantage in economics, and in layman’s terms, it is the development potential of a late-developing economy in terms of technological progress, upgrading of industrial structure and consumption structure, and urbanization process. Therefore, the strategy of expanding domestic demand in response to short-term shocks needs to be based on the long-term and coordinated with structural potential. The effective exertion of structural potential requires the supply policy to play a greater role, which means that we must firmly grasp the main line of supply-side structural reform and promote the continuous upgrading of supply structure.

　　Supply policy and demand policy should be matched according to the different problems and main contradictions faced at different stages. For example, in the stage of epidemic control, it is necessary to increase the distribution of relevant emergency materials through supply policies, and in the stage of resuming production, it is necessary to use administrative means to promote the whole industry chain and the whole field, and then carry out corresponding demand-side policy cooperation.

　　Han Baojiang:Policies to promote demand should work together with policies to promote reform. First of all, we must adhere to the party’s centralized and unified leadership over economic work, which is the institutional prerequisite for coordinating efforts. Secondly, the supply policy should be in tune with the demand policy. In other words, it is necessary to improve the adaptability of the supply structure to the demand structure, and increase the efforts to meet the middle and high-end demand on the basis of maintaining the general demand. Facts have proved that China’s demand is not insufficient, or there is no demand, but the demand has changed, but the products supplied have not changed, and the quality and service cannot keep up. The lack of effective supply capacity has brought about a large amount of demand spillover and a serious outflow of consumption power. To solve these structural problems, we must promote supply-side structural reform. Thirdly, the supply policy should strive to be "half a beat or a beat" earlier than the demand policy, and create "new demand" with "new supply". In today’s era, the prominent feature of socialized mass production is that once the supply side realizes successful subversive innovation, the market will respond with magnificent transaction generation. This is the truth.

　　Liu Yuanchun:A few days ago, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the Opinions on Building a More Perfect System and Mechanism for Market-oriented Allocation of Factors, which classified the reform directions and specific measures in the five areas of land, labor, capital, technology and data, and deployed and improved the formation mechanism of factor prices and the market operation mechanism. Global production and consumption have been comprehensively impacted by the epidemic, and China’s economic and social development is facing new difficulties and challenges. Firmly pushing forward major reforms and further improving the business environment will certainly stimulate the vitality and creativity of the whole society, release more new kinetic energy in the market, and provide a solid institutional guarantee for hedging the impact of the epidemic and increasing the stamina of China’s economic development.

　　The impact of the epidemic is accidental and phased. The demand expansion policy is mainly introduced to deal with the short-term impact of the epidemic, and the policy based on stimulation cannot be used for a long time. Therefore, the demand policy should be exerted moderately and should not be overexerted. To achieve the annual economic and social development goals and promote high-quality economic development, we must focus on long-term development and firmly grasp the main line of supply-side structural reform.

　　Professor, Teaching and Research Department of Scientific Socialism, Xu Haoran Central Party School (National School of Administration)

　　The concept of system is a complex thinking to understand and transform the objective world. Adhering to the concept of system is to understand and transform the world from the universal connection and movement changes of things in time and space. The system concept emphasizes holism, and the grasp of the overall picture of the world mainly focuses on the emergent properties (the trend and result of nonlinear interaction between parts in the whole) that "the whole is greater than the sum of parts". Looking back on the history of the Party in the past century, in the arduous struggle of socialist modernization, adhering to the concept of system has gradually become a set of basic thoughts and working methods of the Communist Party of China (CPC).

　　In 1956, the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China announced that China society had entered socialism. Socialism — — As an ideal hope, the past came so quickly! So that many people at that time still lacked sufficient mental preparation. How socialism works, in fact, everyone is not clear! Mao Zedong later recalled: "After liberation, during the three-year recovery period, we were ignorant about construction. Then I worked on the first five-year plan, and I was still ignorant of the construction. I could only basically copy the Soviet Union’s methods, but I always felt dissatisfied and uncomfortable. "

　　What is socialism? The founders of Marxism put forward some basic ideas, but they did not and could not give more specific answers. At that time, in the world, only the Soviet Union built socialism independently, and there were no other ready-made examples. So, at the beginning of construction, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China called for "learning from the Soviet Union". In society, there was a popular saying at that time: "Today in the Soviet Union is our tomorrow". However, the disadvantages of the Soviet model in the 1950s have begun to be exposed, such as: one-sided development of heavy industry, neglect of agriculture and light industry; One-sided expansion of accumulation and neglect of improving people’s lives; The economic management system is too centralized and too dead, and so on. So, what should we do about modernization? On January 25, 1956, Mao Zedong put forward at the Supreme State Council that "we should strive to change China’s backward situation in economy and science and culture within a few decades and quickly reach the advanced level in the world."

　　Under such a guiding ideology, Mao Zedong, after in-depth and meticulous investigation and study, formed On Ten Major Relationships, which is of overall significance to socialist modernization. Specifically, the ten major relationships mainly involve: 1. The relationship between heavy industry, light industry and agriculture; 2. The relationship between coastal industries and inland industries; 3. The relationship between economic construction and national defense construction; 4. The relationship between the state, production units and individual producers; 5. The relationship between the central and local governments; 6. The relationship between Han nationality and ethnic minorities; 7. The relationship between the Party and non-Party; 8 the relationship between revolution and counter-revolution; 9. Right-wrong relationship; 10. Relations between China and foreign countries. The beauty of Mao Zedong’s analysis of the ten major relationships is that he applied materialist dialectics flexibly. Mao Zedong said: "These ten relationships are all contradictions. The world is made up of contradictions. There is no world without contradiction. Our task is to correctly handle these contradictions. "

　　Economic and social system is a dynamic system, which is always in the process of movement, change and development. Before socialism appeared as an institutional form, Engels put forward from the perspective of materialist dialectics: the so-called "socialist society" is not a static thing, and it should be regarded as a society that changes and reforms frequently like any other social system. "This is a typical system dynamics thinking.

　　Today, Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and the systematic concept of "On Ten Relationships" in the past needs a new presentation. Adhering to the systematic concept has gradually formed a specific connotation to adapt to the new era. The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee deliberated and adopted the 14th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development, and proposed that the economic and social development during the 14th Five-Year Plan period must follow the principle of adhering to the concept of system. In the new stage of development, the main contradiction in our society has been transformed into the contradiction between the people’s growing need for a better life and the unbalanced development, such as the inability to innovate to meet the requirements of high-quality development, the large gap between urban and rural regional development and income distribution.

　　At present, adhering to the system concept requires us to strengthen forward-looking thinking, overall planning, strategic layout, and overall promotion, coordinate the two overall situations at home and abroad, do well the two major events of development and security, adhere to a national chess game, give full play to the enthusiasm of the central, local and all parties, focus on consolidating the foundation, promoting advantages, supplementing shortcomings and strengths, and pay attention to preventing and resolving major risk challenges, so as to achieve the unity of development quality, structure, scale, speed, efficiency and security. In a word, we should analyze and solve problems from the overall perspective of the system, and understand and grasp the all-round construction of a socialist modern country from a development perspective.

Among the "celebrities" who can be named in the entertainment circle, although Sun Yunyun is not the most beautiful, she is definitely the most temperament and aura. As the first celebrity in Taiwan Province, her family is worth hundreds of billions, and her husband’s family is also one of the best families in Taiwan Province, which can be described as a suitable family. Fashionable Sun Yunyun is a popular indicator in Taiwan Province. Many girls pay homage to her dress, and she has a lot of appeal in the entertainment circle, and many days later she is her best friend.

I have always felt that Guan Ying exudes a unique dark noble temperament of "celebrity" from the inside out. As the most beautiful "celebrity" in the entertainment circle, Guan Ying’s development is also the best, and she is definitely not playing with tickets. She has done a great job in all aspects of drama and film hosting. As the daughter of Taiwan Province Risheng Group, Guan Ying’s financial resources need not be said. It is admirable that she can make such achievements in the entertainment circle.

The daughter of Breeze Department Store, the largest department store in Taiwan Province, and the sister-in-law of Sun Yunyun. Like her sister-in-law, Liao Xiaoqiao is also a very top celebrity in Taiwan Province. Although she is not a big hit in the entertainment circle, she is somewhat of a ticket player. Whether she is red or not is not so important. Compared with Sun Yunyun’s nobility, Liao Xiaoqiao’s style is bold and bold, and he is frequently ambiguous with male stars, which is called peach blossom.

Everyone has been amazed at Lin Chi-ling’s gentle beauty and her charming voice. Today, Lin Chi-ling is a top-ranking actress, with constant film contracts and endorsements, and her own worth is also high. But in fact, Lin Meiren is also an absolute noble family. Her father, Lin Fannan, has a career spanning aluminum products and science and technology, and also has a very wide network of contacts in politics. However, Lin Chi-ling’s upper position is still more dependent on her own. From the mediocre little model to the "first beauty" with infinite scenery, Lin Chi-ling’s acting career is really special.

Although Elva Hsiao is regarded as an "inspirational elder sister" in the entertainment circle by many people, she just made her debut and became popular all over Asia, but she still persisted after being buried in the snow and a series of changes. However, Elva Hsiao, who is actually self-reliant, is also a veritable rich second generation. His mother Ye Xiuling founded Yuanchao International Co., Ltd. in 2001. After Xiao’s death, she left Elva Hsiao with a legacy of 1 billion, and even donated NT$ 85 million to buy a mansion as a dowry. However, Elva Hsiao has been hiding her identity, and because of her attractive ability as a diva, many people ignore the truth about her rich second generation.

Today, Kelly Chen is married and has a lovely son, and her career has gradually returned to the right track, and her endorsement has continued. Kelly, who has worked hard in the entertainment circle for many years, has puzzled many people by her appearance. In fact, Kelly Chen’s father is a jewelry tycoon in Hong Kong, and he owns many expensive jewelry stores in Hong Kong, which is very expensive. However, Kelly Chen has never regarded this as a show-off capital, and has climbed to the position of diva step by step, which is a model for female stars to struggle.

He Chaoyi is a very personal actress and singer in Hong Kong, but her other identity is the daughter of the gambling king Stanley Ho. Although the gambling king’s wives have many children, He Chaoyi is undoubtedly the most beloved one. She has been regarded as the "eye of the eye" by Stanley Ho since she was a child, and the gambling king gave a large dowry of 20 million when she got married, which shows how much she cherishes this daughter.

Sweet appearance and pure temperament, Zhang Jianing absolutely kills countless otaku, and his family is a real estate tycoon with strong financial resources. On my 18th birthday, I received a luxury RV as a gift, which was astounding. Now hosting a video game show in Taiwan Province, I believe that with such a background and the advantages of appearance, there will be a lot of opportunities for drama performances in the future.

Although Mu Xiyan can only be regarded as a second-and third-tier actress in Taiwan Province, she can often see her glamorous appearance in big-name costumes in major advertisements, showing the temperament that a rich and powerful woman should have anytime and anywhere. The Yujing Energy Technology Company owned by Pan Wenfang and his uncle Pan Wenyan has a market value of more than 30 billion, and the mansion she lives in opposite the little dome is worth as much as 70 million, which is beyond the reach of the first-line actresses who have worked hard for many years. (Sohu Entertainment)

　　As of June 2023, the number of netizens in China was 1.079 billion, ranking first in the world;

　　In 2023, the national online retail sales reached 15.4 trillion yuan, ranking first in the world for 11 consecutive years;

　　The coverage rate of the national telemedicine service platform reaches 100% at the prefecture level & hellip; …

　　Vivid data reflects that China is moving in the opposite direction of the information age and developing simultaneously with digital changes.

　　In 2014, China celebrated the 20th anniversary of full-featured access to the Internet. On February 27 of that year, the first meeting of the Central Cyber Security and Informatization Leading Group was held, and the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader personally served as the team leader.

　　"Network security and informatization have a profound impact on many areas of a country." At the meeting, the general secretary made the judgment that "China has become a network power", made a series of important conclusions and arrangements on network security and informatization, and put forward the strategic goal of "striving to build China into a network power" for the first time.

　　From a "network power" to a "network power", the change of one word has led China’s Internet development into a new era.

　　"Do it wholeheartedly"

　　Zijinshan South, near the Jiulong Lake, is located in the future network town of Nanjing, and the Zijinshan Laboratory is launching a sprint to the innovation frontier of Internet technology in the world.

　　On July 6, 2023, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader came here to learn more about the promotion of major scientific and technological tasks.

On July 6, 2023, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader had a cordial exchange with researchers when he visited Zijinshan Laboratory in Nanjing, Jiangsu.

　　"I handed in your homework today. It was a bit difficult. It took us a long time to finish it." Academician Liu Yunjie reported to the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader.

　　On December 13th, 2014, the General Secretary visited Jiangsu Industrial Technology Research Institute in Nanjing, and listened to the report of Academician Liu Yunjie on R&D work. He was very concerned about adopting the new future network architecture to solve network security problems and raised ardent expectations.

　　Since its establishment in 2018, Zijinshan Lab has made a series of world-leading achievements in the fields of future network, B5G/6G communication and network security, and created a number of "world firsts" in the field of network communication and security.

　　The laboratory has also gathered a scientific research team that studied 6G earlier in China. During his trip to Jiangsu in 2023, the general secretary was very happy to learn that this team not only achieved a significant increase in transmission rate and system efficiency, but also realized the independent control of key technologies by advancing key technology research. He told the local responsible comrades: "We should seize the opportunity, make new contributions, and do it wholeheartedly."

　　Internet is a new engine of social development and a new highland of international competition. In the face of the new technological revolution of catching up with one wave after another, how can we make a plan according to the situation, move according to the situation and follow the trend?

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that the core technology of the Internet is our biggest "life gate", and the core technology is subject to people, which is our biggest hidden danger. Even if an Internet company is large in scale and high in market value, if its core components are heavily dependent on foreign countries and the "life gate" of the supply chain is in the hands of others, it is like building a house on the foundation of someone else’s wall. No matter how big and beautiful it is, it may not stand the wind and rain, or even be vulnerable. If we want to master the initiative of China’s Internet development, and ensure Internet security and national security, we must break through the difficult problem of core technology and strive to achieve "overtaking in corners" in some fields and aspects.

On March 30, 2022, experts from Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital conducted telemedicine consultation with doctors from Bijie First People’s Hospital.

　　In the new era, China has seized the opportunity to speed up the breakthrough of core technologies in the information field, concentrate resources and strengthen the research of cutting-edge technologies — —

　　The development of software and integrated circuit technology has accelerated, and the application of domestic operating systems has been further promoted; Achieve original breakthroughs in the fields of quantum communication and quantum computing; The total number of top 500 supercomputers in the world has been ranked first for many years; Important achievements have been made in key common technologies such as high-end chips, basic software and core components.

　　At present, China has built the world’s largest and most advanced 5G network, and innovative applications of 5G are constantly emerging, covering transportation, medical care, education, cultural tourism and many other fields.

　　"Let hundreds of millions of people have more sense of gain"

　　In Hangzhou City Brain Operation Command Center, Zhejiang Province, about 80 million pieces of data flood in from all directions of the city every day, and high-speed operation and precise analysis are carried out in the "central system", and police, transportation, cultural tourism, health and other application scenarios provide services to the people all day.

　　On March 31, 2020, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader walked into the operation command center to learn about the modernization of urban governance system and governance capacity. The general secretary pointed out that by promoting the modernization of urban governance through big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and other means, big cities can also become more "smart".

Zhejiang Hangzhou City Brain Operation Command Center

　　The depth of Internet development depends largely on the breadth of Internet popularization.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that the people-centered development thought must be implemented. It is necessary to adapt to the people’s expectations and needs, speed up the popularization of information services, reduce the application cost, provide useful, affordable and well-used information services for the people, and let hundreds of millions of people have more sense of sharing the fruits of Internet development.

　　Not just in the city. In the vast rural areas, all localities and departments have promoted the popularization of information services, promoted the inclusive development of the Internet, and continuously improved the digital, networked and intelligent development level of agriculture and rural areas.

　　Qinglong Village, Dasheng Town, Yubei District, Chongqing, is located in hilly areas, and has no farming advantages, and once became a "hollow village". The wave of informationization and digitalization has given this place a new look.

　　"With the click of a mouse, slices of citrus trees can be simultaneously ‘ Drink ’ Sheung Shui. " In 2021, Qinglong village began to implement the intelligent agriculture project of citrus base by using digital technology, and broke a new path for the development of digital agriculture in hilly areas. In just a few years, Qinglong Village started from the mechanized transformation of the whole village land, and combined with digital means, built the first digital unmanned orchard in hilly and mountainous areas in China, driving the local villagers to increase their income by more than 10,000 yuan per mu.

On February 26th, 2021, the live event was held in Qinglong Village, Dasheng Town, Yubei District, Chongqing.

　　The light of the Internet "lights up" a bright future.

　　A number of new formats and applications, such as rural e-commerce industrial park and live broadcast with goods, have sprung up, and the network links rural areas and cities, activating the great potential of rural revitalization. In 2023, the national rural online retail sales reached 2.49 trillion yuan.

　　Build a national unified and multi-level interconnected data sharing and exchange platform, and realize "people running less errands" through "data running more"; "internet plus" is deeply integrated into many fields such as education and old-age care, and the Internet access rate of primary and secondary schools nationwide is 100%; Sharing economy, smart travel, mobile payment and other new Internet products and formats are emerging … …

　　Under the guidance of the important thought of the Supreme Leader’s General Secretary about the network power, China’s online information industry has ushered in new development and new leap. The Internet has become a "sharp weapon" for benefiting the people, benefiting the people and facilitating the people, and hundreds of millions of people enjoy more sense of gain, happiness and security.

　　"Building a community of destiny in cyberspace"

　　"One bay is linked with eleven countries, and the East, the West and the East interact positively", which is a vivid portrayal of Guangxi’s unique geographical advantages. As the only land-sea connection area between China and ASEAN, today’s Guangxi is actively building the interconnection of digital information while building the interconnected transportation infrastructure.

　　On December 14th, 2023, after returning to China from a state visit to Vietnam, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader visited Guangxi. The first stop is China-ASEAN Information Port Co., Ltd. located in Nanning, China (Guangxi) Pilot Free Trade Zone.

On December 14th, 2023, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader visited China-ASEAN Information Port Co., Ltd. in Nanning, Guangxi, and learned about China-ASEAN economic and trade cooperation.

　　In the exhibition hall, the construction achievements attracted the attention of the Supreme Leader General Secretary: hardware products such as chips, memory and hard disks, various application terminals based on Beidou satellite navigation, cooperation agreements signed with Southeast Asian countries, and various digital information application scenarios.

　　In November 2020, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader made it clear in his speech at the opening ceremony of the 17th China-ASEAN Expo and the China-ASEAN Business and Investment Summit: "China is willing to work with ASEAN to build a China-ASEAN information port, promote digital interconnection and build ‘ Digital Silk Road ’ 。”

　　After years of construction, China-ASEAN Information Port is striving to build an ASEAN-oriented international communication channel, a big data resource application service hub, a new generation of information technology application demonstration highland, a digital economy open cooperation gathering area and a humanities exchange and cooperation center.

On December 12, 2023, employees of China-ASEAN Information Port Co., Ltd. were at work.

　　The Internet has truly turned the world into a global village, making the international community more and more a community of destiny in which you have me and I have you. People of all countries share weal and woe in cyberspace.

　　In order to promote the construction of a community of cyberspace destiny, China actively builds a platform for international exchanges and cooperation in cyberspace.

　　In 2014, China founded the world internet conference, and the venue will be permanently located in Wuzhen. This is the largest and highest-level Internet conference held in China, and it is also an unprecedented summit meeting in the world Internet field.

　　In July, 2022, on the basis of successfully hosting the world internet conference for eight consecutive years, the world internet conference International Organization was established in Beijing. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader sent a congratulatory letter, stressing that "cyberspace is related to the destiny of mankind, and the future of cyberspace should be jointly created by all countries in the world. China is willing to work with the international community to take this as an important opportunity to promote the construction of a more fair, reasonable, open, inclusive, safe, stable and vibrant cyberspace, so that the Internet can better benefit people all over the world. ".

On November 7, 2023, the audience watched the robot dance in the lobby of Wuzhen World Internet Science and Technology Museum.

　　It’s time to sail when the wind is fine.

　　Standing at a new historical starting point, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, China has made solid progress in building a network power. A grand picture of building a powerful network and a digital China is slowly unfolding.

　　Recent contents of current affairs observation > >

　　Micro-observation of the current situation, the concentricity of the valves is new everywhere

　　Micro-observation of current politics brings good days to "local products"

　　Micro-observation of current politics, three stories and "Xiamen practice"

　　Producer: Geng Zhimin

　　Producer Xing Lai

　　Editor-in-Chief Ning Lili

　　Write Zhang Yanan.

　　Visual sense Jiang yuhang

On April 7th, Japan issued the "Declaration of Emergency", and the emergency measures covered Tokyo, Osaka Prefecture, saitama, Chiba Prefecture, Kanagawa Prefecture, Hyogo Prefecture and Fukuoka Prefecture. From April 7th, the state of emergency will last for one month to May 6th. This move may "add insult to injury" to the Japanese entertainment industry that was originally affected by the epidemic.

As early as March, Japan’s entertainment industry had been clouded by the epidemic. A number of Japanese dramas have been postponed or stopped, including Naoki Banzawa 2, BG ~ The Guard around 2, Cinderella’s Pharmacist and other spring hits. Most variety shows are suspended, the advertising revenue of TV stations is hit hard, and the cast members are facing unemployment crisis. With the death of Japanese artist Ken Shimura due to COVID-19, many artists were diagnosed one after another, and the actors were also worried. Kimura Takuya and Sakai Masato bought masks and other epidemic prevention supplies from their own pockets.

Naoki Banzawa 2

Cinderella’s Pharmacist

But the Japanese entertainment industry is also seeking self-help in anxiety. Many TV stations began to evaluate the possibility of replacing new dramas with "replaying old dramas" according to the appeal of netizens; Variety shows try to ensure subsequent broadcast through "remote recording". The major TV series studios are still busy, trying to catch up with the progress on the basis of reducing the risk of infection by reducing intimate contact with dramas and strengthening epidemic prevention.

It’s cool and hot around the world, and the spring of Japanese entertainment industry in 2020 seems to come later, just like other regions.

-Japanese drama-

The spring show was supposed to be a "fairy fight", but now many popular dramas have been postponed.

In the spring of 2020, the Japanese drama was once known as the "golden schedule". Since the Tokyo Olympic Games was originally planned to be held from the end of July to the beginning of August, many TV stations have rescheduled their works for nearly half a year in advance to avoid the heat of summer stalls being diverted, including Naoki Banzawa 2, BG~ Guard 2 (starring Kimura Takuya), Cinderella Pharmacist (starring Satomi Ishihara) and Lawyer in Gold 2 (starring Y?ji Oda).

Key dramas that have been stopped or postponed:

Shooting while broadcasting leads to "no inventory", avoiding kissing scenes to reduce the risk of infection.

Among the extended Japanese dramas, Naoki Banzawa 2, a sequel released after seven years, has attracted the most attention. "Due to the spread of the novel coronavirus epidemic, it has affected the shooting schedule of the show. It is a pity that we can only postpone the opening date." For this hot work whose ratings are expected to reach 30%, TBS’s choice to postpone the broadcast is indeed forced to guarantee the inventory.

# Japanese drama features #

It is reported that Japanese dramas are the same as American dramas, and they are broadcast while shooting in the production mode. Not only can the screenwriter modify the follow-up story according to the feedback from the audience, but the platform can also "cut off" the stop loss in time if the ratings are not good. Usually, Japanese dramas will be turned on one to two months before the broadcast, and about three to six episodes will be completed in advance, and the rest will be filmed after the broadcast; The endings of some Japanese dramas are even broadcast live. This also leads to Japanese dramas like American dramas. Once shooting is blocked, the inventory is immediately in short supply.

"We usually start shooting in the early hours of the morning and call it a night, so naturally there will be a decline in immunity caused by fatigue on the set, and it is easy to get infected with the virus." A Japanese TV producer A said in an interview that Naoki Banzawa 2, in particular, takes the office as the stage, and there are so many actors, group performances and even cameras that makeup artists, stylists and actors can’t avoid contact every day. In a sense, the studio can’t strictly prevent and control it. "So in order to avoid cluster infection at the shooting scene, of course, it is impossible to continue shooting."

In addition, the popularity of Covid-19 has caused many crews to re-evaluate the possibility of outdoor shooting. Renting buildings and disinfecting the shooting scene is a huge consumption of manpower and material resources for the crew; However, the abandonment of outdoor shooting has caused some plots to be unable to be successfully realized. "Naoki Banzawa 2 is a sequel that the audience has been looking forward to for seven years. Whether as a fan or a producer, I hope to postpone the broadcast to try to avoid the story from being reduced because it cannot be filmed." A said frankly.

Stills of Naoki Banzawa 2. The picture comes from the Internet.

But there are still many Japanese dramas being filmed. After the 17-year-old actor Ryoya Komiya, who plays the hero in the Asahi TV series "The Magic Warrior", was diagnosed in COVID-19, and the crew had to stop working and isolate, many Japanese netizens began to call for the Japanese performing arts industry to stop working collectively in a special period. On April 8th, the original Netflix Japanese drama "Naked Supervision 2" starring Takayuki Yamada was diagnosed by COVID-19, and the filming work was urgently stopped. The play was originally scheduled to be filmed indoors in TBS studio.

Naked supervision 2

　 　 　 　Coping with:In order to reduce the risk of infection, some crews decided to avoid close contact between actors by reducing kissing scenes and intimate scenes. Since novel coronavirus is mostly infected through "intimate contact", if two people perform hugs, kisses, entanglement and other scenes, the risk of infection will rise. A TV producer said in an interview that in the past, kissing was almost necessary in Japanese TV dramas and movies, and sometimes some entangled intimate scenes were needed. "But due to a series of epidemics, this kind of drama has now been banned." At present, the filming of works with kissing scenes and intimate scenes, such as An Qi Ge Lian and Shohei Miura’s M for the Loved One, Nakajima Kento and Hirano Sho’s Under Police, and My Housekeeper, Mr. Fuzhu, has been affected.

—— Japanese comprehensive—

Some variety production companies may close down, and young directors consider part-time food delivery.

Coping with:Since March, Japanese TV stations have announced the adoption of audience-free recording, or stopped recording most variety shows, in order to avoid cluster infection.

On March 30th, Tokyo TV decided to stop recording all the programs, and only reserved the relevant personnel who guaranteed the broadcast of the programs, and other employees worked at home. Xiao Sunmao, president of Tokyo TV Station, said at a press conference on March 26th that from March 27th, only more than 20% of the staff of Tokyo TV Station went to work in the company, and the remaining nearly 80% of the staff only needed to complete normal broadcasting work at home. After that, it will be slowly adjusted to only 10% employees go to work in the company.

TBS announced that from April 4 to April 19, all variety shows and TV series will be suspended. NTV suspended the studio shooting and location shooting of Japanese dramas and variety shows for two weeks from April 6th. On April 7, NHK also announced that it would suspend the recording and live performances of broadcasting companies in seven prefectures, excluding news and other urgent programs. The necessity of outdoor location shooting, broadcasting and recording is also being carefully discussed whether to keep it.

The former producer of Asahi TV Station, Makoto, expressed pessimism about the current prospects in the TV field. He admits that, due to the need to maintain a social distance of more than 1.8 meters and avoid gathering, except for news programs, almost all entertainment programs taking the star route and outdoor shooting programs taking the amateur route are stopped. In this case, radio and television companies and program production companies will encounter unprecedented crisis.

Radio and television companies:This year, it was originally planned to produce a large number of special programs during the Olympic Games, including pre-recording. However, due to the postponement of the Olympic Games, broadcasters have to urgently recruit new programs, so the cancellation of recording is undoubtedly worse for them. In addition, the original advertisements related to the Olympic Games have all been cancelled. In addition, with the current economic downturn in Japan, advertisements can’t be sold at all, and it is impossible to produce best-selling programs. It is inevitable that the operation of TV stations will deteriorate.

Production company:The situation is more serious. Once the recorded "inventory" of the TV station is completely used up, it is possible to fill the vacancy with elaborate or replayed programs, but the production company will hardly earn a penny. Focusing on small and medium-sized enterprises, the reduction of production will make their financial situation deteriorate rapidly, and many cases of bankruptcy may also occur.

Freelancers working on site:It is also facing "nowhere to go." It is reported that the Japanese Variety Recording Association will employ a large number of freelance assistant directors, directors, radio writers, etc., and the programs will stop being included, so that the income of such staff will plummet.

A well-known program director (40 years old) said helplessly that the TV station stopped filming on location and at least five programs he was recording were cancelled. The current income can only last for two months. If it continues, it is expected that the income will be reduced by 3 million yen (about 190,000 RMB) in June and July. "There may be only 150,000 yen (9,000 yuan) in income every month, and my wife is very anxious because she is running out of money every day." Another assistant director in charge of late-night programs (20 years old) said that the cancellation of recording led to a substantial reduction in the number of staff needed, and he had to consider part-time take-away food delivery in order to make money.

"Variety Coffee" is facing unemployment, and big-name artists pay their own money for epidemic prevention.

Due to the shutdown of several dramas caused by COVID-19, the living conditions of Japanese entertainment industry are not optimistic. With the death of Ken Shimura, the "master comedian", due to COVID-19, Professor Kurosawa, a member of the funny trio Mori No.3 Middle School, was diagnosed, and the entertainment circle was in an uproar.

However, according to the agency’s survey of micro-loan business owners, 82% of business owners said that they "don’t want to borrow" on the grounds that "I don’t know if their future work can go smoothly and the repayment prospect is uncertain".

The epidemic has also affected big-name artists. With the program completely stopped recording, Shinobu Sakagami, Teruyoshi Uchimura, Hiroiki Ariyoshi, Suo George and other so-called "variety coffee" have begun to be "unemployed".

The picture of Shinobu Sakagami comes from the Internet.

Teruyoshi Uchimura (middle) pictures come from the Internet.

Secret:It is reported that apart from wage-based artists, most artists in Japan have no income without jobs, and the redder the artists, the higher their pay. Affected by the epidemic, the long-term sponsors of TV stations are accelerating their departure, and production costs must also be controlled. In this way, compared with making new programs, TV stations would rather replay old programs, or give up high-paid stars and choose young artists with a recording reward of about 30,000-100,000 yen (2,000-6,500 yuan) for emergency.

In addition, the music program is blocked, which also causes idol artists or groups to reduce their exposure. "THE MUSIC DAY (Japanese TV station) and the Music Day (TBS), and even the Red and White Song Festival (NHK) on New Year’s Eve, also began to spread that it would be suspended. If it is an idol artist, this large-scale music program is the best publicity opportunity in the past. " Relevant personnel of a record company revealed.

"Red and White Songs" live. The picture comes from the Internet.

And even the film and television artists who have not stopped working in the crew spend every day in anxiety. It is reported that Kimura Takuya took a special humidifier and air purifier with him when shooting "BG~ Guard 2".

Kimura Takuya’s "BG~ Guard 2" stills. The picture comes from the Internet.

Sakai Masato put on a three-layer mask immediately after filming Naoki Banzawa 2. Knowing that the staff did not prepare masks, he also provided 1000 masks from his own pocket. Y?ji Oda specially arranged a camper for himself when filming "The Lawyer in Gold 2", which was also out of his own pocket.

Stills of Sakai Masato’s Naoki Banzawa 2. The picture comes from the Internet.

Koji Matoba, a Japanese actor, said on the social platform on the 6th that both actors and staff are facing the danger of unemployment. His filming in June has been confirmed to be postponed, and it is said that it will start at the end of July at the earliest; A series of work schedules, such as the recording of variety shows and Shang Yan, were almost completely suspended. Koji Matoba also revealed that some local production companies in Japan have been forced to close down. "This is a crisis in the Japanese entertainment industry."

-broadcast platform-

Japanese audience suggested that the old drama be replayed, and the variety show plan was "remote recording"

The new drama in the spring is in a bleak business, and the TV station has to fill the schedule with old dramas. TBS announced that three new dramas, such as Naoki Banzawa 2, were postponed, and it also said that the time slot would be adjusted to broadcast two old dramas, namely, the special collection of Xiamachi Rocket and the masterpiece selection of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. It is reported that "Xiamachi Rocket", starring Hiroshi Abe, was broadcast in 2015 and won many Japanese drama academy awards. "Obstetricians and Gynaecologists", starring G Ayano, was broadcast in 2015, and once received an average audience rating of 11.41% in that year.

Stills of "Obstetrician Hong Bird". The picture comes from the Internet.

For Japanese TV stations, replaying the old drama is only a helpless move to make up for the new drama, but it has won the audience’s love unexpectedly. According to Japanese media reports, The First Night of the Special Collection of Xiamachi Rockets broadcast on TBS on April 5th, the average family ratings were 9% in kanto region and 8% in Kansai, which even outperformed some new dramas.

Some netizens commented that they hope that TV stations can take this opportunity to let viewers order, or they can take stock of some old dramas of their own TV stations in the past. The comment was praised by thousands of netizens. Many netizens have begun to seriously order old dramas. "If possible, can Fuji TV replay the masterpiece selection of the trilogy" Gu Chu Ren Saburo "? If it is a medical theme, I also like "Medical Dragon". "

As for the variety show, some TV stations have interrupted location shooting and studio recording, and some programs have begun to seek countermeasures such as recording without audience and "remote performance".

Coping with:For example, can I go to your home with you? Originally, it was a purely external shooting program. The program group would randomly find passers-by at the station when the trams were out of service in the middle of the night and ask if they could go to see others. However, as the number of infected people in Tokyo has greatly increased, there are fewer and fewer people traveling at night, so the program group has to publish the "shooting guide", stating the basic mode of shooting, such as looking around the whole room, being close to shooting interesting places, shooting the most authentic appearance while chatting with their families, etc., and replacing the recording of the program group with amateur self-recording. "In order to ensure the broadcast, new challenges must be carried out. We hope that everyone can enjoy recording programs at home. " Gao Qiao Hiroshi, producer of the program, said.

"Can I go to your house with you? 》。 The picture comes from the Internet.

Junichiro Nakagawa, a news editor who participated in the live recording of TBS on April 2, said that everyone in the TV station seems to be working with the consciousness of "not wanting to be infected by gathering". In the past, there were a lot of fans outside the live broadcast, but there was almost no one there that day. The TV station will write down the precautions for the staff in advance, such as "alcohol disinfection when entering the station" and "all staff should check their body temperature before entering the studio". During the recording, the staff must also all wear masks; After the recording starts, except that the staff and performers will keep a long distance, other performers also adopt remote "cloud recording".

In addition, many artists’ offices have also spawned the "online cloud entertainment" approach due to the epidemic. For example, on March 17th, Genese announced that it had suspended all performances, and since March 28th, it has released the video images of its artists to fans on the video website. LDH also announced in March that it would release the concert video materials of many artists such as EXILE, J Soul Brothers, E-girls, etc. for a limited time, so as to alleviate everyone’s negative emotions. Ebex also released the concert images of its artists such as Ayumi Hamasaki, TRF and Kumi Kouda.

It is worth mentioning that although entertainment variety shows have been hit hard, some news programs have gradually increased their ratings due to the epidemic. It is reported that in February, NHK TV broadcasted the news content related to "The requirement for the suspension of primary and secondary schools nationwide" (February 17 -23), and the average audience rating of family programs was 12.4%. At the same time, the ratings of news programs in the same period rose to 17.9 again on March 23 -29 one month later.

Beijing News reporter Z Ryan

Editor Tong Na proofreads Lin Zhao.

　　On May 11th, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader made an investigation in Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, and went to the dry-alkali wheat field in Xianzhuang District, the old town of Huanghua City to learn about the local cultivation, promotion and industrialization of dry-alkali wheat.

　　With the general secretary’s footsteps, he entered this hopeful field in full of green, and the drought-alkali wheat is in the filling stage. The breeze blew and the wheat waves rolled.

　　Drought-alkali wheat is a drought-resistant and salt-tolerant wheat variety. Huanghua City is located in the southeast of Hebei Province, bordering Bohai Sea in the east, where there is little rain in winter and spring, and the soil is highly salinized. Ordinary wheat is difficult to grow in such an environment, while drought-alkali wheat grows well.

　　"The general secretary stood on the field path with a smile and ears of wheat in his hand," said Yang Dongjin, a grower in Houxianzhuang Village, an old town in Huanghua City. "The general secretary asked me about the output, cost and income of my wheat, and asked me a lot of details."

　　Huanghua drought-alkali wheat has a long history of planting. According to the Records of Huanghua County, drought-alkali wheat has been planted in Huanghua for more than 2,600 years. The original varieties are mainly "Little Red Mang", and the yield per mu is only 50 kg.

　　In recent decades, after repeated seed selection and improvement by local agricultural technicians, the yield of drought-alkali wheat has been "step by step" year by year. At present, Jiemai 19, Cangmai 6002, Cangmai 6005, Xiaoyan 60 and Xiaoyan 155 are mainly planted, and the yield per mu in normal years remains around 214 kg.

　　"I reported the main varieties of Huanghua drought-alkali wheat to the general secretary, and the general secretary affirmed the supporting role of our Nanpi ecological agriculture experimental station in the production of drought-alkali wheat," said Guo Kai, deputy stationmaster of Nanpi ecological agriculture experimental station of China Academy of Sciences. "The general secretary not only cares about agriculture, but also knows agriculture in particular."

　　On the roadside of Yang Dongjin’s wheat field, there is a rectangular wooden table. On the table, there are samples of plants and grains of drought-alkali wheat for display, as well as products such as flour, dried noodles, steamed bread and Huanghua flour flowers made from drought-alkali wheat. The general secretary stopped here to watch. Huanghua Mianhua, engraved with auspicious patterns, is listed as a provincial intangible cultural heritage.

　　The quality of Huanghua drought-alkali wheat is very unique, with full grains, transparent luster, rich in trace elements such as calcium, potassium, iron and zinc, and the content of protein is 13% to 16% (national standard 12.2%). Especially wheat flour, the flour yield is about 76%, and the wet gluten content is above 35% (national standard 30%). In this way, the advantages and characteristics of flour and flour are formed, such as non-stick to hands and strong toughness. The steamed bread, flour flowers and other foods are rich in wheat flavor, soft and tender, and comfortable in taste.

　　In recent years, Huanghua City has adhered to the structural reform of the agricultural supply side as the main line, and actively explored and promoted the production and management model of "new agricultural business entities+scientific and technological support+standardization (scale)", with a standardized yield of about 320 kg per mu and a large-scale yield of about 235 kg per mu. At present, the planting area of perennial drought-alkali wheat in Huanghua City is about 618,000 mu, with a total output of about 132,600 tons.

　　Through the industrialization development in recent years, there are now 20 large flour processing enterprises in Huanghua City, with an annual processing capacity of nearly 500,000 tons. The whole city has formed a "whole industry chain wheat industry" integrating the functions of contract agriculture, storage and transit, flour processing and food production. It not only solved the food problem, but also drove farmers to increase their income continuously.

　　"The general secretary paid attention to the drought-alkali wheat in person. As an agricultural science and technology worker, I felt greatly encouraged and my confidence doubled!" Guo Kai said, "Next, we must keep in mind the entrustment of the General Secretary, continue to take root in saline-alkali land, carry out research on the screening and utilization of salt-tolerant crop varieties and the improvement of soil fertility in saline-alkali land, and develop more new technologies to raise the yield of drought-alkali wheat and make contributions to national food security."

Some people say that where there are Chinese, there are her songs. Many people in the entertainment circle are "miracles", but only Teresa Teng is a "legend".

January 29th, 2018 is the 65th anniversary of Teresa Teng’s birth. Her voice is like Oriole, and she moistens things silently, which makes people feel the beauty of pop music for the first time. The scene of eavesdropping on Teresa Teng’s songs in the film Fanghua is a true portrayal of that era.

"The Moon Represents My Heart", "Sweet Honey" and "I only care about you" … Her songs soothe the soul and become the memories of youth of a generation. Which one is your favorite?

The moon represents my heart—

You ask me how deep I love you

I love you somewhat.

My feelings will not change.

My love remains the same

The moon represents my heart

Sweet honey—

Honey, you smile sweetly.

Like flowers in the spring breeze.

Open in the spring breeze

Where have I seen you?

Your smile is so familiar

Just like your tenderness—

Up to now, year after year

I can’t stop thinking about it.

Miss you, miss the past

I wish the sea breeze would come back.

Just for the hands of the waves

Just like your tenderness

Small town story—

There are many stories in the town.

Full of joy and joy

If you come to a small town

Gain a lot.

On the water side—

Green grass is pale

White and foggy

There is a beautiful woman

Another Side of the River

Wine and coffee—

Wine and coffee

I just need a drink.

Think of the past

I drank the second cup again.

Cordate telosma—

I love the night.

I also love this nightingale singing.

Love the flower-like dream more

Embracing cordate telosma

When Rijun comes again—

After leaving tonight

Goodbye Again

Teresa Teng (January 29, 1953-May 8, 1995) was born in Yunlin County, Taiwan, China, and her ancestral home was daming county, Hebei Province. She was a Taiwan, China singer and one of the representative Japanese female singers in the Showa era.

In 1967, he released his first solo album, thus starting his singing career. In 1969, she became famous in Taiwan Province by singing the theme song of the same name of Taiwan Province’s first series Jingjing. In the early 1970s, Hong Kong and Southeast Asia’s record markets were opened with works such as "A Thousand Words" and "Hai Yun". In 1974, he won the Japanese record award "Newcomer Award" with the Japanese song "Airport", which laid the foundation for his acting career in Japan. In 1976, he held his first solo concert at Leigh Stage in Hong Kong. In 1980, she was elected as the first best female singer in Taiwan’s Golden Bell Award. In the early 1980s, he was invited to give concerts in Lincoln Center, Los Angeles Music Center and Caesar Palace in Las Vegas. In 1983, the first concert tour of Chinese singers was held, and then commercial performances were terminated. From 1984 to 1986, he won the Japanese Cable Award for three times with the trilogy つぐなぃ, Love, Time, Time, Life, Body and Body. Since 1987, he has been in semi-seclusion and faded out of the music scene.

On May 8, 1995, Teresa Teng died in Chiang Mai, Thailand due to bronchial asthma. In the same year, Teresa Teng was awarded the "Golden Needle Award" at the Hong Kong Top Ten Chinese Golden Melody Awards Ceremony. All-Japan Cable Broadcasting Award, Japan Cable Award and Japan Record Award were respectively awarded "Special Merit Award" by ratification. In 1996, the Taiwanese Golden Melody Award was posthumously awarded to Teresa Teng as "Special Contribution Award". In 2007, Teresa Teng became the "Hall of Popular Music" in Masao Koga Music Museum.

Chongqing morning post reporter Tang Hao