Most organs of the human body will get cancer.
I often hear about stomach cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer and kidney cancer, but the heart, as one of the most indispensable organs to maintain life, many people have never heard of "heart cancer". Why? Does the heart really not grow a tumor?
one
The heart is not a "cancer-free zone"
Although cardiac tumors are rare, they still exist. The heart contains not only muscles, but also a large part of blood vessels.These muscles and blood vessels may grow evil.Sexual tumor.
There are two main types of cardiac tumors: one is primary cardiac tumor; The other is the secondary tumor that other organs spread to the heart.
oneprimary cardiac tumors
Research shows that the incidence of primary heart tumor can be as low as 0.0017%.
In other words,It is very rare that one or two out of every 100,000 people will have a heart tumor.
Of these people, about 75% are benign, and only about 25% are malignant tumors. The most common are the following three:
① Myxoma of the heart: benign
The incidence accounts for about half of all cardiac tumors, mostly benign. It usually occurs in the atrium, but it can move between cardiac chambers and may also damage surrounding tissues.
If the lesion is serious and the operation is not performed in time, it will spread to the whole heart cavity and block the blood flow, causing stroke, blood clot and even myocardial infarction.
However, myxoma is easy to be treated by surgery and the prognosis is very good.
② Angiosarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma: malignant.
The relationship between these two tumorsHigh degree of malignancy、Make rapid progress66% ~ 89% of the patients had metastasis of lung, liver, bone and lymph nodes.
90% patients will die within 9-12 months after diagnosis if they are not removed quickly without surgery.
2Secondary cardiac tumor
Secondary cardiac tumor is the result of metastasis of malignant tumors in other adjacent organs.
Cancer cells such as melanoma, lung cancer, renal cancer, choriocarcinoma and breast cancer may transfer to the heart with blood, among whichMelanoma is the most common, accounting for about 50-70% of cardiac metastases.
Note: When cancer metastasizes to the heart, the prognosis of patients is usually poor and the survival rate is often low.
threeThere is a tumor in the heart,Symptoms are not obvious
① Dyspnea, palpitation, shortness of breath, and regional pain around the heart.
② It is easy to fatigue and chest tightness, accompanied by a series of nonspecific symptoms such as nausea, fever, weight loss and night sweats.
These symptoms are similar to those caused by other heart diseases, so it is difficult to diagnose heart tumors effectively.
But I still want to remind everyone that in the event of heart discomfort,It is best to go to the hospital immediately for a color Doppler echocardiography, supplemented by CT or magnetic resonance imaging scanning technology.
2
Why is the heart cancer rate so low?
oneCardiomyocytes rarely proliferate and divide.
From the pathogenesis of cancer, malignant tumor is the result of "genetic error" of genetic material DNA, including errors in DNA replication and transcription.
That is to say,Cancer usually occurs in cells with active metabolism and division.
The most important thing in the heart is cardiomyocytes, which are "terminally differentiated cells". That is, from birth to death, there is little proliferation and division, so there is basically no chance of mutation and error in the genes it contains, which ensures that the heart rarely suffers from cancer.
2There are no epithelial cells in the heart.
Gene mutation especially favors epithelial tissue.Therefore, all organs containing epithelial tissues are at risk of cancer, such as liver, kidney, digestive tract, respiratory tract, breast, prostate and so on.
However, organs without epithelial tissue often have a low probability of developing tumors, and there is no epithelial tissue in the heart.
threeRelated to heart function
The heart needs to beat day and night.
The metastasis of cancer cells needs to "camp" somewhere in the body, but the blood flow in the heart is too fast, and most cancer cells are taken away by the blood without a chance to "take root".
fourThe heart and blood vessels form a closed blood circulation system.
The heart and blood vessels form aUnique closed circulation systemIt is not easy to be interfered by foreign harmful substances, especially carcinogens.
In addition, the heart is deeply hidden in the core of the body, and harmful substances entering the blood will be continuously purified through the liver, spleen and kidney to reduce the harm to the heart.
three
The heart is most afraid of these.
The proportion of heart cancer is low, but the risk of heart disease is high. At present, cardiovascular disease has surpassed cancer to become the "number one killer".
And here’s what the heart fears most about you:
oneAfraid you’ll gain weight
Obesity, on the one hand, willIncrease the burden on the heart, increase the risk of thrombosis and atherosclerosis, and then lead to coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, etc. On the other hand, fat can invade the heart and destroy the heart tissue and function.
Studies have shown that weight gain of 10% increases the risk of coronary heart disease by 38%; Weight gain is 20%, and the risk of coronary heart disease is 86%!
Therefore, it is better to control the body mass index (BMI) between 18.5 and 24.9.
2Afraid of fatigue
There are many examples of "karoshi" in life.Fatigue will hurt the heart, easily lead to myocardial infarction, and more likely lead to heart failure.
When people are overworked, the body will secrete a lot of adrenaline and thyroxine, which can cause vasospasm, increase blood pressure, reduce the local blood supply in the heart, and easily induce cardiovascular diseases.
Therefore, whether it is work or study, we must pay attention to the combination of work and rest, ensure adequate sleep, and stay up less.
threeAfraid of being too excited
When excited, it will change the secretion of adrenal hormones in the human body, which will lead to tachycardia and increase the burden on the heart.
If the patient is complicated with diseases such as hypertension and arteriosclerosis,Emotional excitement is more likely to lead to blood vessel rupture, cerebral hemorrhage and even sudden death.
Therefore, you should manage your emotions and keep your mind at peace.
fourFear of high salt
The main component of salt is sodium chloride. If sodium intake is too high, it will cause water and sodium retention in the body, increase the pressure in blood vessels, increase the resistance and increase the burden on the heart.
Studies have found that people who consume more than 13.7 grams of salt a day are twice as likely to suffer from heart failure as those who consume less than 6.8g grams a day.
soThe daily salt intake should not exceed 6g (about the amount of one mineral water bottle cap).
Source: I am big doctor Guanwei (ID:woshidayisheng).
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