Decode the "end-to-end" concept that everyone is talking about, and easily play with the new trend of automotive technology.

Since the launch of the end-to-end intelligent driving system "FSD V12 beta" in the United States in August 2023, end-to-end has become the hottest topic in the automobile industry. With the follow-up of Huawei, Tucki, Weilai, Ideality and other enterprises, almost every domestic manufacturer will spend a lot of space in the press conference to publicize how powerful their end-to-end is. Regardless of marketing methods, what does "end-to-end" mean? What does it mean for intelligent driving? Today we will explain this question to you!

Before the end-to-end intelligent driving system was mass-produced, every intelligent driving system adopted a modular scheme. Simply put, modular intelligent driving is an assembly line, which mainly includes four processes: perception, prediction, planning and control. First of all, the task of the sensing part is to process the data of sensors such as radar and camera of the vehicle, and then analyze the specific position and road trajectory of the objects around the vehicle, and distinguish whether they are pedestrians, bicycles, cars or trucks.

Then, the perception module will transmit the above information to the prediction module, and the prediction module will analyze the next movement state of the surrounding traffic participants according to the above information, such as whether the surrounding vehicles will turn, go straight or stop next. After further analysis, the prediction module will provide one or more driving paths and vehicle speeds that the vehicle can refer to next.

Then the prediction module sends the road driving scheme of the vehicle to the planning module, and the planning module will decide what the vehicle should do next according to the information such as the vehicle’s own state and navigation. After the planning module confirms the driving path and speed, it will transmit the command to the control module, and then the control module will calculate and operate the steering wheel, brake and throttle of the vehicle. A seemingly simple intelligent driving function is realized through the above steps.

From the above introduction, it is not difficult to see that modular intelligent driving decomposes simple driving behavior into multiple steps, and the logic of each step is in perfect harmony. In the eyes of car companies and suppliers, modular intelligent driving itself is a very good solution, because different teams can be responsible for the corresponding modules and give full play to the advantages of division of labor and cooperation, thus rapidly changing intelligent driving from concept to mass production.

Secondly, modular intelligent driving has a set of system framework with clear functions and responsibilities, so when the intelligent driving system finds bugs in use, car companies and suppliers can immediately find the specific reasons for the bugs and quickly fix them through OTA. For example, if the vehicle brakes wrongly when driving at high speed, then through data analysis, the vehicle enterprise can know whether the fault is due to the wrong data of the sensing module or the wrong judgment given by the forecasting and planning module.

Although modular intelligent driving is convenient for mass production and BUG repair, it needs to learn a lot of traffic rules and driving experience if it wants to control vehicles like people, and all this depends on engineers to define the rules in advance, that is, to turn traffic rules and driving experience into lines of software code. But can engineers write code to cover all the driving scenes in reality? Of course it’s impossible! On this issue, there is a classic case in the industry. If you drive a vehicle on a narrow road full of cars on both sides, a balloon suddenly floats on one side of the road, then the general logic will think that there may be children jumping out on one side of the road, so the vehicle should brake immediately. However, the same scene is placed on the high speed. If the intelligent driving system still controls the vehicle by braking immediately, it is likely to turn into a rear-end collision. In other words, if engineers don’t define the rules in advance for this kind of driving scene, such as the system doesn’t brake after the balloon is detected at high speed, then the intelligent driving system will have safety risks when it encounters similar scenes.

According to Xpeng Motors, a relatively stable mass production intelligent driving system has about 100,000 rules. And if the intelligent driving system is to be close to the same level as people, it needs to manually write about 1 billion rules. For software engineering development, this is almost impossible. Because of this, we can see that the traditional intelligent driving system will make more or less mistakes in daily use, so that drivers have to intervene.

For the above reasons, car companies that focus on autonomous driving have been trying to solve the problem that traditional intelligent driving needs preset rules, so there is an end-to-end approach. The so-called end-to-end, in fact, is to make all the traditional sub-modules of perception-prediction-planning-control neural network, that is, to replace the traditional algorithms and manually written rules with advanced algorithm models.

Therefore, the end-to-end workflow is quite different from the traditional modular workflow. The traditional modular work sequence is perception-prediction-planning-control in turn, while the end-to-end sequence is sensor data (radar, camera)-neural network-driving parameters (steering wheel, throttle, brake), that is to say, the traditional perception, prediction, planning and control modules are all completed by neural network.

As can be seen from the workflow, the core technology in end-to-end is neural network, and the technology most closely related to neural network is AI. In the past two years, AI has shown great performance in the fields of voice, text, pictures and video, and everyone should have realized it. When the neural network is applied to the car, it means that people can constantly train the intelligent driving system, so that it can learn to adapt to more complex driving environment.

Therefore, at the functional level, the biggest change from end to end is that the system has the ability of autonomous learning, which is a function that traditional modular intelligent driving does not have.In this way, when dealing with all kinds of unexpected real driving scenes, end-to-end can calculate the appropriate rules through neural network, without having to manually write the rules in advance, which also provides a solution for intelligent driving to deal with endless driving scenes in reality.For example, the Tesla FSD V11 version, which didn’t have end-to-end function before, has written more than 300,000 lines of code, while the end-to-end FSD V12 version has directly reduced more than 300,000 lines of code to 2,000 lines, but the performance of FSD V12 is closer to human drivers than V11.

fromIn theory, end-to-end is indeed a very ideal technology, but in practice, end-to-end is not so reliable. This is because people’s understanding of neural networks is still not clear enough at this stage, so people also call neural networks "black boxes". As shown in the above figure, in the white box state, we are very aware of the logical causal relationship between system input/output, but when the input information passes through the black box, people can’t explain why the input information becomes the output information.

For example, when there is an obvious logical error in the intelligent driving system, the vehicle manufacturer can quickly find out which module the problem is, and then manually write a new rule. But in the end-to-end system, car companies do not know which parameter or structure in the complex neural network has problems.

For this reason, the end-to-end intelligent driving system based on neural network can sometimes give reasonable rules in very complicated scenes, but sometimes it will make very low-level mistakes, such as not being able to distinguish traffic lights, so some people describe it as "the upper limit is very high and the lower limit is very low". Considering that there are some risks in the end-to-end application, the end-to-end intelligent driving system introduced by Huawei and Tucki does not rely entirely on autonomous learning, and their end-to-end systems still have many manually written rules to cover the intelligent driving system.

From the perspective of technology development trend, end-to-end is definitely the direction of high-level intelligent driving in the future. However, because people’s understanding of neural networks is not thorough enough, the end-to-end performance of various companies at this stage still has a certain gap with the ideal level. In addition, compared with the existing modular intelligent driving system, whether the end-to-end neural network algorithm model is smart or not depends heavily on massive real data for training. Only after massive data training, the neural network can be transformed from a small model to a usable large model, which means that high-order intelligent driving requires huge computing power and data input in the development stage, thus invisibly raising the threshold of intelligent driving. Because of this, some car owners will feedback that their cars are not as good as they used to be after upgrading to end-to-end intelligent driving. This is the painful period of big model training. Considering that there are great differences in end-to-end training among different brands in reality, this means that the performance gap of different brands of intelligent driving systems may be gradually widened in the future.

Can the end-to-end model solve the last mile problem of autonomous driving?

In smart car technology, high-level autonomous driving is a difficult problem that major manufacturers and most Internet giants are trying to overcome. Whoever can take the lead in promoting the landing of advanced autonomous driving technology will be able to take the lead in automobile sales. In the high-order autonomous driving technology, the end-to-end model is the most discussed by all parties.

Compared with the previous model, end-to-end seems to have become the only way for advanced autonomous driving. So what is the end-to-end model? What is the development trend of end-to-end model in China? These problems are worthy of people’s attention.

What is an end-to-end model?

Speaking of the end-to-end model, it is natural to be inseparable from the ChatGPT of this year’s fire. ChatGPT itself is an end-to-end model, that is, by inputting words, customers can get the answers they want.

Whether it’s PPT or video, ChatGPT and other big models may spit it out. In this process, the most critical is the AI model. It can gain insight into users’ needs and produce the content they need.

In the field of autonomous driving, the most famous end-to-end model is Tesla’s FSD V12. The input of this model is all kinds of image data obtained by the camera; The output end is the vehicle control instructions, including steering, acceleration and braking. In the middle, it is a big model that Tesla is proud of.

In the scene of end-to-end model, when the vehicle recognizes some traffic signs or encounters various situations, it will automatically judge according to the past learning situation, instead of looking for a solution to this problem in the code according to various preset preconditions like the traditional model.

What are the advantages of the end-to-end model?

In contrast, in the past, the traditional autopilot model was based on the working conditions set by engineers in advance. The choice of driving behaviors, including lane changing, parking and even overtaking, has been set in advance. This will bring two problems:

Autopilot models are becoming more and more complex. Since each module usually only performs one driving behavior, the automatic driving algorithm needs to include the driving behavior of human drivers as much as possible. Therefore, the code of traditional autonomous driving technology usually has hundreds of thousands of lines of code. This will bring higher and higher requirements for the computing power of smart driving chips. Tesla’s FSD V12 has only 2000 lines of code; While FSD V11 has an astonishing 300,000 lines of code.

Unable to solve the long tail condition. No matter how full the preliminary test and certification are, no autopilot algorithm can say that all the long tail conditions are included. Then once you meet a new long tail working condition, it is very likely that traffic accidents will occur and even life injury accidents will occur.

The best case is that the project operated by GM’s Cruise in California encountered various working conditions that had not been encountered in the previous experimental stage at the beginning of its launch, which led to casualties, forcing the California Highway Bureau to suspend the license of Cruise for a time.

Where is the end-to-end difficulty?

To achieve an end-to-end model, there are two main limiting factors: massive data and large computing power. Only with the blessing of these two factors can the end-to-end model land. In order to make the end-to-end model closer to human drivers, its large model often needs to contain hundreds of millions of parameters. Only with more parameters can the driving characteristics and habits of human drivers be better simulated, and the performance of the model will be better. In these two areas, Tesla has a clear first-Mover advantage.

Not long ago, Tesla just got the certification of domestic data security and privacy protection, and was allowed to enter the government department compound. The reason why Tesla didn’t get the relevant recognition before was that the cameras in each car were collecting all kinds of data in real time and uploading them to the server for training the FSD algorithm.

Looking around the world, Tesla’s newly sold models every year are constantly providing data for the FSD V12 algorithm for the latter to continue to optimize learning.

It is worth mentioning that Tesla’s car also has a "shadow mode". It will compare the deviation between the driving behavior of the owner and the driving behavior determined by the automatic driving system, upload the relevant data together, and also optimize the algorithm.

At the same time, in order to be able to calculate the massive data collected, Tesla also needs a supercomputer center. The core of supercomputing center is the large computing power chip. For this reason, Tesla not only bought a large number of NVIDIA H100 chips, but even developed Dojo chips. The unit price of the former is as high as $35,000, while the investment in research and development costs of the latter is hundreds of millions.

For any enterprise, this is not a small expense. Domestic car companies have basically not been able to develop their own large computing chips. NVIDIA H100 chip has already become a product on the export control list of the United States, and it is difficult for domestic car companies to obtain it.

So is it possible to achieve the end-to-end model with massive data and large computing power? The answer is also no.

From the above description, we can find that the end-to-end model is actually a "black box". If there is an error in the model operation, it is actually difficult for researchers to find out what part of the model is wrong and directly adjust the model.

Theoretically, only through more training, or increasing more parameters and trying to adjust some model parameters can we try to solve the problem. Therefore, whether the autopilot model based on end-to-end technology can finally meet the needs of autopilot technology at the safety level is still very uncertain.

Even so, compared with the traditional autopilot model, the advantages of the end-to-end model are very obvious. Especially when solving the long tail condition, the end-to-end model can give play to the incomparable advantages of the traditional autonomous driving technology model. At present, some new car companies, such as Huawei, Tucki, Weilai and Ideality, have started to introduce the end-to-end model in the domestic market.

Aside from Huawei, which has abundant capital, it is a big challenge for new car companies with limited capital accumulation to balance the input and output returns of end-to-end technology. Not to mention, it is not an easy task to buy large computing chips in China at present.

With the high probability of the end of the year, Tesla FSD V12 will enter the domestic market. What changes will take place in the domestic market structure of autonomous driving technology at that time, which deserves people’s attention.

Six departments: new teachers in colleges and universities can only take up their posts if they pass the examination of teachers’ morality and style.

      BEIJING, Jan. 27 (Xinhua) According to the website of the Ministry of Education, recently, the Ministry of Education and the Central Organization Department issued the Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Construction and Reform of College Teachers in the New Era (hereinafter referred to as the Guiding Opinions). The Guiding Opinions put forward that in order to strengthen the implementation of the evaluation of teachers’ morality, new teachers in colleges and universities must receive special training on teachers’ morality and style before taking up their posts, and only after reaching a certain number of hours and passing the examination can they obtain the qualifications of teachers in colleges and universities and take up their posts to teach.

  In order to thoroughly implement the Opinions on Comprehensively Deepening the Reform of Teaching Staff Construction in the New Era and the Overall Plan for Deepening the Reform of Education Evaluation in the New Era issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council, and strengthen the reform of teaching staff construction in colleges and universities in the new era, the following guiding opinions are put forward:

  First, accurately grasp the requirements of the times for the reform of teaching staff construction in colleges and universities, and implement the fundamental task of cultivating people by virtue. The goal and task is that through a series of reform measures, the development support system for college teachers is more perfect, the management evaluation system is more scientific, the treatment guarantee mechanism is more perfect, and the governance system and governance capacity of teachers are modernized. The professional attraction of college teachers has been significantly enhanced, and teachers’ ideological and political quality, professional ability, educational level and innovation ability have been significantly improved, so as to build a team of high-quality professional and innovative college teachers with excellent political quality, exquisite professional ability and superb educational level.

  The second is to comprehensively strengthen the leadership of the party and constantly improve teachers’ ideological and political quality and professional ethics.

  Strengthen ideological and political guidance. Guide teachers to adhere to the "four unifications", strive to be good teachers with "four haves", be good "four guides", strengthen "four consciousnesses", strengthen "four self-confidences" and achieve "two maintenance". Strengthen the Party’s political leadership over colleges and universities, strengthen the political function of party organizations in colleges and universities, strengthen the supervision of education management in party member, and give play to the role of grass-roots party organizations and teachers in party member. Attach importance to the development of party member among outstanding young teachers and teachers who have returned from studying abroad. Improve the organization and management system of teachers’ ideological and political work, and give full play to the overall role of the teachers’ work department of the party Committee of colleges and universities in teachers’ ideological and political work and the construction of teachers’ morality and style. Improve teachers’ theoretical learning system, and comprehensively improve teachers’ ideological and political quality and moral education ability. Strengthen the ideological and political construction of private colleges and universities, and equip and strengthen the ideological and political work team of private colleges and universities.

  Cultivate and carry forward noble teachers’ morality. Normalization will promote the cultivation of teachers’ morality, and all kinds of teachers’ morality norms will be included in the compulsory content of pre-job training for new teachers and full-time training for in-service teachers. Innovate the way of teachers’ morality education, and stimulate teachers’ endogenous motivation to cultivate teachers’ morality through example leading, situational experience, practical education and teacher-student interaction. Strengthen the "Four History" education of college teachers, standardize the requirements of class hours, and achieve full coverage of all staff in a certain period. Build a good base of teachers’ morality and build a curriculum system of teachers’ morality education. Strengthen teachers’ commendation and improve the teacher honor system. Colleges and universities can hold teachers’ induction and retirement ceremonies, and set up teaching-oriented awards to encourage teachers to concentrate on educating people. Encourage social organizations and individuals to contribute funds to reward teachers. Support local and universities to establish excellent teachers’ libraries, tap typical examples, and strengthen publicity and inspiration. Continue to launch film and television literary works with distinctive themes and showing the style of the teacher era.

  Strengthen the implementation of teacher’s ethics evaluation. Take teachers’ morality and style as the primary requirement and the first standard in teacher recruitment and introduction, professional title evaluation, post employment, tutor selection, evaluation and reward, employment period assessment, project declaration, etc., strictly assess teachers’ morality, and pay attention to the use of teachers’ morality assessment results. New teachers in colleges and universities must receive special training on teachers’ morality and style before taking up their posts, and only after reaching a certain number of hours and passing the examination can they obtain the qualifications of teachers in colleges and universities and take up their posts to teach. Effectively implement the main responsibility and take the construction of teachers’ morality and style as an important part of the annual assessment of the leading bodies in colleges and universities. Implement the "Ten Codes of Professional Conduct for College Teachers in the New Era" and seriously investigate and deal with the problem of teachers’ moral anomie according to the law and regulations. Establish and improve the exposure mechanism of teachers’ morality violations, and play a warning and shocking role. Relying on the national criminal information database established by political and legal organs, we will establish a system of employment restriction in the education industry.

  The third is to build a platform for the development of teachers in colleges and universities, and strive to improve teachers’ professional quality and ability.

  Improve the teacher development system in colleges and universities. Colleges and universities should improve the teacher development system, improve the teacher development training system, security system, incentive system and supervision system, and create a benign environment conducive to the sustainable development of teachers. Actively respond to the challenge of new science and technology to personnel training and improve teachers’ ability to improve teaching by using information technology. Encourage and support college teachers to visit and study at home and abroad and participate in international exchanges and cooperation. Continue to implement the demonstration training project for young teachers in colleges and universities and the construction project of teaching innovation team for higher vocational teachers. Explore the management of teachers’ training credits, and incorporate training credits into teachers’ assessment.

  Consolidate the development support service system for college teachers. Coordinate the responsibilities of teacher training, career development consultation, education and teaching guidance, academic development, and learning resource services, build a platform such as a strong teacher development center, and improve the teacher development organization system. Colleges and universities should strengthen the development of teachers and the professionalization of personnel, increase the investment in personnel, funds, venues and other resources for teacher development, and promote the construction of demonstration teacher development centers at all levels. Encourage universities and large and medium-sized enterprises and institutions to build teacher training bases, support the exchange and integration of professional teachers in colleges and universities and talent teams in industry enterprises, and enhance teachers’ practical ability and innovation ability. Give play to the exemplary role of famous teachers and teaching achievement awards.

  The fourth is to improve the management system of teachers in modern universities and stimulate the innovative vitality of teachers.

  Improve the employment mechanism of college teachers. Fully implement the autonomy of employing people in colleges and universities, and the relevant government departments do not uniformly organize the employment examination for college personnel, simplifying the entry procedures. In accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and the actual needs of running a school, colleges and universities independently formulate the employment conditions of teachers and recruit teachers openly. The graduation institution, study experience abroad, study methods, papers and patents shall not be taken as restrictive conditions. Strictly control the selection and employment of college teachers, and implement the dual inspection of ideological and political quality and professional ability. Establish a system linking the pre-job training of new teachers with the qualifications of college teachers. Broaden the channels for selecting and employing people, and increase efforts to attract outstanding talents from domestic and foreign industrial enterprises and professional organizations. According to the requirements, complete and optimize the team of teachers and counselors of ideological and political courses in colleges and universities. Explore the employment experience and social practice experience of industrial enterprises as important conditions for hiring professional teachers in vocational colleges. To study and introduce measures for the appointment and management of foreign teachers and standardize the management of foreign teachers.

  Speed up the reform of post management of college teachers. Actively explore the implementation of the total staff management in colleges and universities. Colleges and universities adopt diversified employment methods according to law to employ people flexibly, make good use of compilation resources, give priority to ensuring the demand of teaching and scientific research, and tilt towards key disciplines, characteristic disciplines and important management positions. Reasonably set the proportion of post structure of teaching staff and strengthen the construction of staff. We will further promote the post employment reform, implement the post tenure system management, further explore the management methods such as the combination of quasi-employment and long-term employment, and implement and improve the employment mechanism that can be promoted and demoted, and can enter and exit.

  Strengthen the management of teachers’ education and teaching in colleges and universities. Improve the teaching quality evaluation system, multi-dimensional evaluation of teaching norms, teaching operation, classroom teaching effect, teaching reform and research, teaching awards and other teaching achievements. Strengthen the proportion of teaching achievements and the effectiveness of teaching and educating people in performance distribution, job title evaluation and employment, and post promotion assessment, and take a certain amount of undergraduate (specialized) teaching as a necessary condition for the promotion of teachers’ titles. Taking professors as the basic system, colleges and universities should make it clear that professors should undertake the minimum class hours requirements for college students, and those who fail to meet the requirements will be given unqualified annual or employment assessment.

  Promote the reform of the professional title system of college teachers. Study and introduce the guiding opinions on the reform of the professional title system of college teachers, and delegate the right of professional title evaluation directly to colleges and universities, which will independently evaluate and appoint them according to their posts. Improve the evaluation criteria for teachers’ professional titles, set evaluation indicators according to different disciplines and different post characteristics, and determine evaluation methods. The study experience abroad, the number of patents and the index requirements for indexing, inclusion and citation of papers are not restrictive conditions. Improve the evaluation mechanism of peer experts and carry out the evaluation of representative achievements. Explore the introduction of contribution evaluation mechanism for teachers who undertake national defense and key core technology research tasks. Improve the process of professional title evaluation, and continue to do a good job in the supervision of professional title evaluation of college teachers.

  Deepen the reform of the evaluation system for college teachers. Highlight quality orientation, pay attention to evaluating teachers according to their ability, performance and contribution, resolutely reverse the tendency of neglecting teaching and educating people, and overcome the disadvantages of focusing on papers, hats, titles, academic qualifications and awards. Standardize the use of indexes related to papers such as SCI in colleges and universities, avoid the absoluteness in the use of citation data such as SCI, SSCI, A&HCI and CSSCI, resolutely abandon "judging papers by journals" and get rid of "SCI first" in papers. Reasonably set the evaluation cycle and explore long-term evaluation. Pay attention to the combination of individual evaluation and team evaluation. Establish a hierarchical feedback mechanism for assessment results. Establish a linkage mechanism of college evaluation, undergraduate teaching evaluation, subject evaluation and teacher evaluation policies, and optimize and adjust the evaluation indicators that restrict and influence the implementation of teacher evaluation policies.

  Establish and improve the management system of part-time teachers and part-time teachers. On the premise of performing their duties on campus and not affecting their own jobs, college teachers may, with the consent of the school, take part-time jobs that are closely related to their own disciplines and can give full play to their professional abilities. Localities and universities should establish and improve the management system of teachers’ part-time jobs, standardize teachers’ reasonable part-time jobs, and resolutely punish teachers’ part-time chaos. Encourage colleges and universities to hire off-campus experts and scholars as part-time teachers, improve the management measures for part-time teachers, standardize the selection and employment procedures, clarify the standards, responsibilities, rights and work requirements of part-time teachers, and ensure that part-time teachers have high professional ethics, professional ability and educational level.

  The fifth is to effectively protect the treatment of college teachers and attract stable first-class talents to teach.

  Promote the reform of salary system in colleges and universities. Implement the income distribution policy oriented to increasing knowledge value, expand the autonomy of salary distribution in colleges and universities, and explore the establishment of a salary system that conforms to the characteristics of colleges and universities. We will explore the establishment of a system for investigating and comparing the salary level in colleges and universities, improve the mechanism for determining and increasing the salary level in colleges and universities, reasonably determine the salary income level of college teachers on the basis of ensuring the normal adjustment of the basic salary level, and increase the inclination to colleges and universities with high-level talents and heavy teaching and scientific research tasks. The cash reward for the transformation of post scientific and technological achievements obtained by college teachers according to law is included in the total performance salary of the unit in that year, but it is not limited by the total amount and is not included in the total base. Implement policies and regulations such as salary and income distribution incentives for high-level talents, part-time and part-time salary, and starting a business after leaving the post. Encourage universities to set up professorships funded by third parties.

  Improve the incentive mechanism of internal income distribution in colleges and universities. To implement the autonomy of internal distribution in colleges and universities, colleges and universities should improve the internal income distribution mechanism and performance appraisal methods in combination with the actual situation, and tilt towards teachers who are rooted in the front line of teaching and have outstanding achievements, teachers who have undertaken urgent and dangerous tasks and made outstanding contributions, and teachers who are engaged in basic frontier research, national defense science and technology and other fields. Take part in teaching and research activities, write textbook cases, undertake the task of proposition invigilation, and guide students in graduation design, employment, innovation and entrepreneurship, social practice, student associations, competitions and performances, etc. into the workload. Encourage excellent teachers to undertake the teaching work of continuing education, and bring the relevant workload into the performance appraisal system. Do not directly link the quantitative indicators of scientific research such as the number of papers, patents, projects and project funds with performance salary distribution and rewards, and give full play to the incentive-oriented role of income distribution policy.

  The sixth is to optimize and improve the talent management service system and cultivate a group of high-level innovative talents.

  Optimize the talent introduction and education system. Strengthen the strategic orientation of serving the country, strengthen the top-level design of the talent system, give full play to the leading role of major national talent projects, strive to build a high-level innovation team, and cultivate a group of scientists, discipline leaders and young academic talents with international influence. Standardize the introduction of talents, strictly control politics and ethics, and achieve "every citation must be judged." Strengthen the construction of talents in philosophy and social sciences and high-end think tanks in colleges and universities, and gather and train a group of famous teachers in philosophy and social sciences. Adhere to the correct orientation of talent flow, encourage colleges and universities to establish industry self-discipline mechanism and talent flow consultation and communication mechanism, and give play to the role of talent work alliance in colleges and universities. Resolutely put an end to the illegal introduction of talents, and those who leave relevant units and posts within the support period without the consent of the competent department of talent planning will be disqualified from the title of talents and corresponding support.

  Scientific and rational use of talents. Give full play to the role of talent strategic resources, adhere to the correct orientation of talent use, promote the reform of talent evaluation mechanism by classification, promote the return of all kinds of talent "hats" and talent titles to honor and academic essence, avoid repeated support of similar talent plans, select people according to their posts, and determine their salaries according to their posts, and do not take talent titles as restrictive conditions for undertaking scientific research projects, job titles, appraising awards and degree points. Create an academic environment that encourages innovation and tolerates failure, and leave enough exploration time and trial and error space for talents to carry out research. Strict management of talents after employment, strengthen the assessment of contract performance and role play. Strengthen the care and service for talents, and effectively solve their practical difficulties in work and life.

  Seventh, fully support the growth of young teachers and cultivate a new force in higher education.

  Strengthen the training support for young teachers. Encourage colleges and universities to expand the number of postdoctoral recruits and take postdoctoral staff as an important source of supplementary teachers. Establish a diversified supplementary mechanism for young teachers to attract overseas students and foreign outstanding young talents. Encourage young teachers to work in enterprises and institutions and visit high-level universities and research institutes at home and abroad. Encourage colleges and universities to promote and boldly use outstanding young talents. Determine the evaluation cycle of young teachers according to the characteristics of the subject, and encourage bold innovation and continuous research. Young teachers in colleges and universities must have at least one year’s work experience as counselors, class teachers and other students, or work experience in teaching, helping the poor, and participating in foreign aid exchanges between Confucius Institutes and international organizations.

  Solve the worries of young teachers. Local governments and universities should strengthen overall coordination, guarantee those who meet the guarantee conditions of public rental housing according to policies and regulations, and at the same time, effectively solve the housing difficulties of young teachers through various ways such as developing rental housing, revitalizing and tapping the existing resources in schools, and granting subsidies. Encourage various ways to improve the treatment of young teachers and ensure that young teachers focus on teaching and scientific research. Encourage colleges and universities to cooperate with social forces and the government to set up kindergartens, primary and secondary schools to solve the problem of young teachers’ children entering kindergartens. Pay attention to the physical and mental health of young teachers and care for them.

  Eighth, strengthen job security and ensure that all policy measures are effective.

  Improve the organizational security system. Taking the construction of high-quality teachers as the basic work in the construction of colleges and universities, strengthening the main responsibility of schools, and improving the working mechanism of unified leadership and overall coordination of party committees, with teachers’ work, organization, publicity, personnel, educational administration, scientific research and other departments performing their respective duties and cooperating. Establish a system of leading cadres contacting teachers and listen to teachers’ opinions and suggestions regularly. Implement the staff congress system, and guarantee teachers’ right to know, participate, express and supervise according to law. Strengthen the construction of teachers in private colleges and universities, and ensure that teachers in private colleges and universities have the same legal status and equal rights as teachers in public colleges and universities according to law. Strengthen supervision and assessment, and bring the construction of teachers into the scope of university inspection, "double-first-class" construction, teaching and scientific research evaluation, as an important part of the work assessment of party organizations at all levels and cadres in party member. Strengthen the publicity of excellent teachers and typical work, safeguard teachers’ legitimate rights and interests, create a social environment that cares for and supports teachers’ development, and form a good atmosphere in which the whole society respects teachers and values education.

Health and Wellness Committee: Carry out the pilot work of "Nursing Service in internet plus"

Notice of the General Office of the National Health and Wellness Committee on the Pilot Work of "Nursing Service in internet plus"
Guo Wei Ban Yi Han [2019] No.80

Health and Health Committees of all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (Health and Family Planning Commission):

In order to implement the Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Promoting the Development of "Internet+Medical Health" (Guo Ban Fa [2018] No.26), implement the Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Reform and Development of Nursing Service Industry by 11 departments including our Committee, standardize "internet plus Nursing Service", ensure medical quality and safety, and help implement the strategy of healthy China, through research, our Committee has determined Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Jiangsu. Other provinces select pilot cities or regions to carry out pilot work according to the actual situation in the region. The pilot work plan is hereby printed and distributed to you, please formulate the implementation plan according to the actual situation.

The pilot provinces shall submit the implementation plan before February 25, 2019. All relevant provinces should earnestly strengthen their leadership, seriously organize the implementation in light of the actual situation, and submit the summary of the pilot work (including the implementation plan, the list of pilot medical institutions, and the policy documents formulated and promulgated) to the Medical Administration and Hospital Authority of our Committee before the end of December 2019.

Contacts: Yang Wei, Li Meng, Nursing and Rehabilitation Department of Medical Administration Hospital Authority.

Tel: 010-68791850, 68792208.

Fax: 010-68792959

Email: HLKFC@nhfpc.gov.cn

General Office of National Health and Wellness Commission
January 22, 2019

(Information disclosure form: voluntary disclosure)

"internet plus Nursing Service" Pilot Work Plan

"Nursing service in internet plus" mainly refers to the nursing service provided by medical institutions for discharged patients or special people who suffer from diseases and have difficulty in moving, relying on information technology such as the Internet and taking "online application and offline service" as the main mode. In order to standardize and guide the healthy development of "Nursing Service in internet plus" and further ensure the quality and safety of medical care, this pilot scheme is formulated according to the Regulations on the Administration of Medical Institutions, the Regulations on Nurses and other documents, the Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Promoting the Development of "Internet+Medical Health", the Administrative Measures for Internet Diagnosis and Treatment (Trial) and the Administrative Measures for Internet Hospitals (Trial).

I. General requirements

(1) Guiding ideology. Guided by Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, fully implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the National Health and Wellness Conference, follow the overall requirements of implementing the Healthy China Strategy, focus on "people’s health", closely follow the main contradictions and key issues in the nursing field, highlight shortcomings and strengths, innovate nursing models, expand service supply, improve service efficiency, standardize service behavior, ensure quality and safety, and accurately meet the diverse and multi-level health needs of the people.

(2) Work objectives. After a year’s trial, under the background of "Internet+medical health", we explored the management system, service model, service standard and operation mechanism of "internet plus Nursing Service" which is suitable for China’s national conditions. Give full play to the demonstration role of the pilot areas, form reproducible and beneficial experiences, gradually promote them from point to area, and standardize and guide the healthy development of "Nursing Service in internet plus". The supply of nursing services has been further expanded, and the people’s sense of acquisition has been significantly enhanced.

Second, the basic principles

(a) to carry out and standardize services according to law. "Nursing service in internet plus" should be based on the requirements of relevant laws and regulations, adhere to the principle of "online and offline, homogeneous management", ensure the standardized development of relevant services, and guarantee the medical quality and safety and the legitimate rights and interests of both nurses and patients.

(B) people-oriented, to meet the needs. Fully consider the health characteristics of different groups of people and the urgent demand for nursing services, take "people’s health" as the center, coordinate the development of institutional nursing, community nursing and home nursing services, increase the supply of nursing services, and continuously meet the diverse and multi-level health needs of the people.

(3) Encourage innovation and be tolerant and prudent. Innovating nursing service mode and exploring and cultivating new nursing service formats. Encourage social forces to actively participate, follow market rules, and stimulate market vitality. Implement an inclusive and prudent supervision method to effectively ensure quality and safety.

(four) according to local conditions, step by step. Encourage all localities to actively explore, combine local conditions and the characteristics of nursing work, and carry out pilot work scientifically, steadily and step by step. Timely summary, continuous adjustment, and earnestly safeguard the health rights and interests of the people.

Third, the pilot content

(A) a clear "internet plus nursing service" to provide the main body. The health administrative department in the pilot area may, in combination with the actual situation, determine the entity medical institutions that have obtained the Practice License for Medical Institutions and have provided services such as family beds and rounds (hereinafter referred to as "pilot medical institutions"), and rely on the Internet information technology platform to send registered nurses of the institutions to provide "internet plus Nursing Service" to extend the nursing service from the institutions to the communities and families. Registered nurses should have at least five years of clinical nursing experience and technical titles above that of nurses, and can query in the national electronic registration system for nurses. Encourage qualified pilot medical institutions to strengthen the management of nurses through face recognition and other human feature recognition technologies, and equip them with nursing recorders. A withdrawal mechanism should be established for nurses who violate relevant laws and regulations and have bad practice records.

(two) clear "internet plus nursing service" service object. Focus on providing chronic disease management, rehabilitation nursing, special care, health education, hospice care and other nursing services for the elderly or disabled elderly, convalescent patients and terminal patients with mobility difficulties. The health administrative departments in the pilot areas can determine the specific service targets of the pilot work of "internet plus Nursing Service" according to the actual situation and the health characteristics of the population and the principles of highlighting key groups, ensuring quality and safety, and preventing and controlling practice risks.

(three) clear "internet plus nursing service" project. The pilot area should be combined with the actual situation, on the basis of investigating and studying the service needs of the masses and fully evaluating the environmental factors and practice risks, organize and formulate the "internet plus Nursing Service" project in this area. In principle, the service items should be technologies with large demand, low medical risk and easy operation and implementation, and the combination of "positive list" and "negative list" can be used to make it clear, so as to effectively guarantee the quality and safety of medical care.

(four) standardize the "internet plus nursing service" behavior. Before providing "internet plus Nursing Service", the pilot medical institutions made the first visit to the applicants, and evaluated their diseases and health needs. If it is considered that "internet plus Nursing Service" can be provided, nurses with corresponding qualifications and technical ability can be sent to provide relevant services. Nurses should strictly abide by relevant laws and regulations, professional ethics and technical operation standards, standardize service behavior, and effectively ensure medical quality and safety. The data generated in the service process should be traced all the way, which can be queried and traced to meet the regulatory needs of the industry.

(5) Improve the management system and service standard of "internet plus Nursing Service". The health administrative departments in the pilot areas and the pilot medical institutions should establish and improve the relevant management systems and service specifications of "internet plus Nursing Service" in accordance with the relevant national management regulations and technical specifications, such as nursing management system, medical quality and safety management system, medical risk prevention system, medical document writing management regulations, personal privacy protection and information safety management system, medical waste disposal process, home care service process, dispute complaint handling procedure, adverse event prevention and disposal process, relevant service specifications and technical guidelines.

(six) to strengthen the management of Internet information technology platform. Pilot medical institutions can independently develop Internet information technology platforms or establish cooperation mechanisms with qualified third-party information technology platforms. Internet information technology platform should have the equipment and facilities, information technology, technical personnel, information security system, etc. required to carry out "internet plus Nursing Service". The basic functions at least include the identity authentication of clients, the collection and storage of medical records, the positioning and tracking of service personnel, the protection of personal privacy and information security, the traceability of service behavior throughout the process, and the statistical analysis of workload. Do not buy or sell or disclose personal information.

(seven) clear "internet plus nursing service" related responsibilities. Pilot medical institutions and third-party Internet information technology platforms shall sign cooperation agreements, in which their respective responsibilities and rights in medical services, information security, privacy protection, nurse-patient safety and dispute settlement shall be clearly defined. When implementing "internet plus Nursing Service", a pilot medical institution shall sign an agreement with the client, and inform the patient of the service content, process, responsibilities and rights of both parties and possible risks in the agreement, and sign an informed consent form.

(eight) actively prevent and deal with the risk of "nursing service in internet plus". Pilot areas and pilot medical institutions should sum up the experiences and practices of "internet plus Nursing Service" in some places, and learn from the risk prevention and safety management measures of other industries in internet plus. You can ask the client to upload identity information, medical records, family signing agreements and other materials for verification; Requirements for the qualification, service scope and project content of nurses providing "internet plus Nursing Service"; Internet information technology platform can purchase/share personal identity information of public security system or compare and verify it through human feature recognition technology such as face recognition; Pilot medical institutions or Internet information technology platforms shall, in accordance with the requirements of the agreement, provide mobile APP positioning and tracking systems for nurses, configure nursing work recorders, make the whole service traces traceable, equip with a one-button alarm device, and purchase liability insurance, medical accident insurance and personal accident insurance, so as to effectively protect nurses’ professional safety and personal safety and effectively prevent and deal with risks. It is necessary to establish a medical dispute and risk prevention mechanism and formulate an emergency response plan. At the same time, open channels for complaints and comments, accept social supervision, and safeguard people’s health rights and interests.

(nine) the establishment of "internet plus nursing service" price and payment mechanism. The pilot area should combine the actual supply demand, give play to the market bargaining mechanism, refer to the local medical service price charging standard, and comprehensively consider the factors such as transportation cost, information technology cost, technical value of nurses’ services and labor remuneration, and explore the establishment of price and related payment guarantee mechanism.

Four, the pilot area and pilot time

(1) Pilot areas. Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Guangdong have been designated as the pilot provinces of "Nursing Service in internet plus". Other provinces selected pilot cities or regions to carry out pilot work according to the actual situation.

(2) Pilot time. February-December 2019.

V. Relevant requirements

(1) Raise awareness and strengthen leadership. Pilot areas and pilot medical institutions should fully understand the importance of standardizing the development of "nursing service in internet plus", take accurately meeting people’s diverse and multi-level health needs as the starting point, take safeguarding people’s health rights and interests and ensuring medical safety as the foothold, strengthen organization and leadership, and make overall coordination and promotion. The health administrative departments in the pilot areas should actively coordinate the relevant local departments to formulate and improve relevant policies and promote the pilot work. Pilot medical institutions should clarify the responsible departments and personnel, improve the relevant management systems, service standards and emergency response plans, and ensure the effective and orderly development of the pilot work.

(two) the pilot first, sum up experience. The health administrative department in the pilot area shall, in conjunction with the relevant departments, formulate the pilot work plan and organize its implementation. Focus on the management system, service model, service standard, risk prevention and control, price payment policy and other aspects of "internet plus Nursing Service", try first, and summarize and popularize useful experience. Grasp the progress of the pilot medical institutions in time to ensure that the pilot tasks are completed on time and with good quality. Find the difficulties and problems in the pilot process, and actively study and solve them.

(3) Strengthen supervision and guard against risks. The administrative department of health in the pilot areas shall, jointly with relevant departments, strengthen the supervision and guidance of "nursing service in internet plus". The administrative department of health shall announce to the public the list of pilot medical institutions that carry out "internet plus Nursing Service", announce the supervision telephone number or other supervision methods, and accept and dispose of the report in time. Give full play to the role of social organizations and strengthen the industry supervision and self-discipline of "internet plus Nursing Service". Pilot medical institutions should establish and improve relevant management systems, and strengthen professional safety education and professional knowledge and skills training for nurses. In accordance with the principle of territorial management, local health administrative departments actively pay close attention to the development of the new format of "internet plus Nursing Service" within their jurisdiction, take effective measures to actively prevent and deal with possible risks, and guide the standardized development of "internet plus Nursing Service".

(four) to increase publicity and correct guidance. Health administrative departments in pilot areas and pilot medical institutions should strengthen publicity and training, and positively guide public opinion. Using new media and traditional media such as Internet, newspapers, television and radio, we will widely publicize the significance of carrying out "internet plus Nursing Service" according to laws and regulations, further safeguard people’s health rights and interests and ensure medical safety, and reasonably guide social expectations. Strengthen public publicity and education, guide the correct concept of medical treatment, and prevent medical safety risks. At the same time, strengthen the training and education of medical institutions and nurses, improve the understanding of the new format and service mode of "internet plus Nursing Service", strengthen the awareness of professional safety, constantly standardize service behavior, and provide high-quality nursing services for the masses.

Lectra 08 EM-P: Medium-sized SUV is preferred, with stable performance.

With a budget of 0.2 million/200 thousand, if you want a plug-in SUV, it is definitely worth seeing.

Price is no longer a problem. Compared with the guide price of 208,800-288,800 in 2023, it has already slipped to the price range of 170,000-23,000, and the discount in some areas even exceeds 35,000.

About 180 thousand landed, and the Pro version of 120km pure battery life is already very top. If you want to have a long battery life, you have to add money.


The sudden sudden death makes it a little scary to buy now.

It’s much more reassuring to buy it. Although it has seized the status of the Crown Prince, the Crown Car merged into Krypton has regained its status as a Crown Prince.

As a domestic mid-to-high-end sub-brand founded almost at the same time as "",the development of Link with mixed-race identity is obviously smoother, and the annual sales volume in 2023 exceeded 220,000. In the era of fuel vehicles,, and were also high-heat models.

Lingke 08At present, the best-selling model under the brand of Lectra has been on the market since September 2023, and its monthly sales are almost all over 5,000, with sales exceeding 10,000 in several months and 10,005 in November.

In November, in the sales list of medium-sized SUVs, Lectra 08 ranked 15th; The new energy medium-sized SUV, Lingke 08 ranked seventh, with quite good results.

In the sales list, those that overlap with the price of Link 08 are,, and those that belong to new energy sources.

Three-link Tang is really a little old. If it is not a hanging name, maybe Tang really can’t sell much.

Lingke 08 can be regarded as a bucket model in its own price range, and it has no obvious shortcomings. The ideal L6 is good, but it is more expensive. , 07 are also good, the starting price is slightly higher and the brand is still somewhat niche, so don’t buy it if you are afraid of risks; The starting price of Star Road Star Era ET is not expensive, but the sales volume is a little low.

Handsome appearance and beautiful interior.

08 changed to the brand-new design language of Lectra, retaining its classic split headlights, but the shape was changed from the original double strip to Y-shaped, and the taillights were also designed as penetrating horizontal strips; For the first time, frameless doors and frameless rearview mirrors were used, some of which were avant-garde.

It’s the first time to use the Flyme Auto car machine, and the physical buttons are cancelled. With two "Longying No.1" chips, the car machine has good fluency. 15.4-inch central control entertainment screen +12.3-inch intelligent LCD instrument, 92-inch unbounded AR-HUD, realizing intelligent cockpit experience.

At present, Pro and Halo versions can also give away 23-speaker Harman Kardon luxury audio with a value of 10,000 yuan.

Strong power, oil and electricity

08 is equipped with LECK EM-P super extended-range hybrid system, 1.5T+ motor +3-speed DHT scheme. The four-wheel drive version only takes 4.6 seconds to accelerate, and the two-wheel drive version accelerates more than 6 seconds.

The car provides 21kWh and 40kWh battery solutions, which can achieve pure battery life of 120 km and 245km respectively, but the difference between them is a bit large, only the difference between the 120kmHalo version and the 245kmHalo version with different battery capacity is as high as 20,000 yuan.

Under the working condition of WLTC, the power loss and oil consumption are about 5.5-6 liters; The super extended-range hybrid of 3rd-speed DHT not only ensures that 08 has stronger power at high speed, but also saves fuel.

Rich configuration, safety and reliability

08 comes standard with 6, front and rear radars, 360 panoramic images and a full set of L2-assisted driving, which can realize full-speed adaptive cruise, line-parallel assistance, center keeping and other functions, electric adjustment of the main and auxiliary seats and heating of the front seats, full-featured exterior rearview mirror adjustment with functions such as reversing, automatic downward tilting, electric trunk, wireless charging of 50W mobile phone, external discharge and so on. If you don’t dislike it, the low-profile configuration is completely sufficient.

The best-selling Halo version can realize the multi-directional electric adjustment of the main and auxiliary seats, and additionally provide the ventilation and massage function of the main and auxiliary seats. The second row of seats also has heating, ventilation and massage, supporting steering wheel heating, 92-inch AR-HUD head-up display, rear privacy glass and other functions.

The length of the car is 4.8 meters, CMA architecture, and Linke 08 inherits the solid site and excellent control of high-end products; EM-P provides stronger power, and the pure battery life of 245km is enough for commuting in urban areas; About 170,000 can be low-equipped, and the configuration is rich enough.

Lingke 08 can be chosen, a new energy vehicle that will not suddenly die suddenly.

Buffett’s Star Way Car Handbook This autonomous car has the highest value.

The times and technology are progressing, and high-tech configuration has become the standard of many cars, which brings consumers a better experience. The competition in the automobile market is still very fierce. What Xiaobian brings today is. Next, let’s take a look with Xiaobian.

First of all, from the appearance, the style of Buffett’s star road front is very cool and sporty. Coupled with the sharp headlights, the design is relatively cold. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light, delayed closing and so on. Come to the car side, the car body size is 5400MM*1928MM*2080MM, the car uses elegant lines, the car body looks very clean, with large-sized thick-walled tires, smooth lines running through the whole car side. In terms of the rear end, the overall shape of Buffett’s Star Way rear end echoes the front end, and the taillight style is more comfortable, and the overall layout is impressive.

When I came to the Buffett Star Road car, the interior of Buffett Star Road was solid and the overall design was simple and elegant. The steering wheel shape of the car is eye-catching, made of leather, and the visual effect is good. From the central control point of view, the 10.25-inch central control screen is used for decoration, which makes the interior style impressive and the overall design of the central control is remarkable. Let Xiaobian introduce the dashboard and seats. The dashboard of the car presents an elegant design style and is full of technology. The car uses leather seats, and the seats are wrapped in place, which further improves the comfort of drivers and passengers.

Buffett’s Star Route Matching Automatic Manual Transmission (AT) gearbox has a maximum power of 155KW and a maximum torque of 350N.m, and its power performance is good.

The space in the back row of Buffett’s Star Road is still spacious, and there is a certain margin in the head and legs, which can be said to be more than enough for daily use. In addition, the car is equipped with fatigue warning, anti-lock braking (ABS), LED daytime running lights, brake assist (EBA/BAS, etc.), brake force distribution (EBD) main driving airbag, rear window sunshade, co-pilot airbag, side airbag curtain, front side airbag and other safety configurations.

I wonder if you are excited about this car introduced today? I believe this car will definitely give you and your family a good experience.

China’s self-developed shield machine for the world’s largest diameter high-speed rail-Chongtai Yangtze River Tunnel "Pilotage" completed the cutter head welding.

China Railway Shanghai Bureau Group Co., Ltd. introduced that recently, the shield machine "Pilotage" of Chongtai Yangtze River Tunnel, the world’s largest diameter high-speed rail shield machine independently developed by China, completed the cutter head welding and will be used for the construction of the new Shanghai-Nanjing-Hefei high-speed rail Chongtai Yangtze River Tunnel. The tunnel connects Chongming District of Shanghai and Taicang City of Jiangsu Province, with a total length of 14,250 meters and a design speed of 350 kilometers per hour. See ↓

The cutter head of "Pilotage" shield machine has a diameter of 15.4 meters and a total weight of 440 tons. After the cutter head is welded, the cutter head will be subjected to ultrasonic flaw detection, flatness, roundness and cutter head painting for all-round "physical examination" to ensure the smooth combination of the cutter head and the main engine.

Chongtai Yangtze River Tunnel is the control project of Shanghai-Nanjing-Hefei high-speed railway, and it is also the project with the longest contract period. The tunnel connects Chongming District of Shanghai and Taicang City of Jiangsu Province, with a total length of 14,250 meters and a design speed of 350 kilometers per hour. It is a single-hole and double-line design, and it is the world-class high-speed rail cross-river tunnel project with the highest construction standard, the longest driving distance and the largest scale. Chongtai Yangtze River Tunnel is constructed by cut and cover and shield method.

It is reported that the "Pilotage" shield machine will start from No.3 well in Chongming District, Shanghai, and tunnel 11,325.5 meters across the Yangtze River to No.2 shaft in Taicang City, Jiangsu Province. The shield construction has the characteristics of large section, high water pressure, complex geological conditions, long shield tunneling distance and sensitive environment.

Shanghai-Nanjing-Hefei high-speed railway is the eastern route of Shanghai-Chongqing-Chengdu high-speed railway and an important part of the national "eight vertical and eight horizontal" high-speed railway network along the Yangtze River, which undertakes the transportation of the main road network passenger flow along the Yangtze River and the coastal and Beijing-Shanghai passages directly to Shanghai. After the completion of the project, a fast new channel will be built between Shanghai metropolitan area, Nanjing metropolitan area and Hefei metropolitan area, which is of great significance for optimizing the layout of railway network along the Yangtze River, serving the coordinated development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and promoting the high-quality integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta.

Original title: "The world’s largest diameter high-speed rail shield machine independently developed by China-Chongtai Yangtze River Tunnel" Pilotage "completed cutter head welding"

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The Asian Dragon driving experience has made a great leap forward, beating the Camry

In the current highly competitive automotive market, consumers have become more rational and shrewd, and their requirements for mid-to-high-end cars are not limited to appearance and brand, but also pursue multiple factors such as comprehensive performance, economy and intelligent safety. In this context, FAW Toyota’s new Asian Dragon and SAIC Volkswagen Passat Pro have become the focus of much attention. This article will compare the two vehicles in detail from the aspects of appearance, interior, power, cost of use, value retention, intelligent safety, etc., to help consumers choose a mid-to-high-end car that better meets their needs.

The new Asian Dragon is sharp and recognizable in appearance design, and its atmospheric front face shape and smooth body lines undoubtedly add a lot to it. The 19-inch wheels further enhance the mobility of the vehicle. The Passat Pro has chosen a relatively conservative but classic design style. Although the Star Dragon Edition introduces some trendy elements, the overall appearance is slightly stable, and relatively young consumers may be more inclined to the fashion sense of the new Asian Dragon.

In terms of interior, the materials and design of the new Asian Dragon reflect Toyota’s consistent pursuit of high quality, with a sense of luxury and technology coexisting. Comfortable seats, spacious space and advanced soft materials all make people feel the sincerity of FAW Toyota. The interior of the Passat Pro is also not bad, using a familiar design language, reasonable functional layout and easy operation, but slightly inferior in luxury and detail polishing.

In terms of power, the new Asian Dragon is equipped with FAW Toyota’s proud intelligent electric hybrid dual-engine system, providing 2.5L dual-engine and 2.0L dual-engine two power options, with a combined maximum power of 172 kW and 145 kW respectively. Its 27-year history of electric hybrid dual-engine technology development and global cumulative sales of more than 27 million units fully verify its stability and reliability. The Passat Pro is equipped with a 2.0T engine with a combined maximum power of 162 kW. Although this power configuration is equally strong, it is not as economical as the new Asian Dragon in terms of fuel consumption. The data shows that the comprehensive fuel consumption of the new Asian Dragon 2.0L dual-engine model is only 4.31L/100km, while the Passat Pro is 6.87L/100km. Over a three-year lifespan of 60,000 km, the new Asian Dragon can save more than 13,800 yuan in fuel costs, which is undoubtedly an important plus for economy-conscious consumers.

In terms of cost of use, the new Asian Dragon provides owners with 3 years or 100,000 kilometers of free basic maintenance services, while Passat Pro only provides free first guarantee, which is obviously more advantageous in long-term use costs. Furthermore, the new Asian Dragon performs particularly well in the number of 100 car faults, with 144 faults as the lowest in the same class, 68 less than the second place, and the quality reliability is better.

In terms of value retention rate, FAW Toyota’s brand influence has always been strong. The three-year value retention rate of the new Asian Dragon has reached 63.67%, which is significantly higher than the Passat’s 59.39%. This also means that when changing cars in the future, the second-hand value of the new Asian Dragon will be higher, further protecting the interests of consumers.

In terms of intelligent safety, the new Asian Dragon is equipped with the Toyota Safety Sense intelligent safety system, and at the same time adopts many advanced intelligent technology configurations to further enhance the safety and convenience of driving. Although the Passat Pro has also continuously upgraded the safety intelligence system and added the IQ. Pilot system, consumers need to pay an additional 4,800 yuan for the mid-range model, which increases the cost of car purchase to a certain extent.

It is worth mentioning that, judging from the sales data just released recently, the new Asian Dragon is selling well immediately, achieving a monthly sales volume of 9,264 units in August, an excellent record of 178% month-on-month growth, which fully proves its popularity. In comparison, Passat Pro’s sales performance is slightly ordinary, failing to break through the siege.

To sum up, the new Asian Dragon is superior to Passat Pro in terms of appearance fashion, interior luxury, power economy, cost control and intelligent safety configuration, especially in the recent hot start of the market performance, which further confirms its product strength and consumer recognition. If you are looking at mid-to-high-end sedans, you may wish to consider the new Asian Dragon more, I believe it will be a reliable choice.

What do you think of the comparison between the new Asian Dragon and the Passat Pro? Feel free to share your opinion in the comments below.

Tangshan Cadillac XT5 price reduction is coming! 130,000, limited-time special offer

Welcome to the Autohome Tangshan Promotion Channel, bringing you real-time automotive market trends. Currently, the high-profile luxury SUV is running a high-profile promotion in the Tangshan area. According to the latest news, buyers can enjoy up to 130,000 cash profit, which will further reduce the original starting price 242,700. This is a rare opportunity. If you are interested in the Cadillac XT5, click "Chatti Car Price" in the quotation form to take advantage of this wave of attractive offers and make your car purchase budget more cost-effective. Hurry up and act!

唐山凯迪拉克XT5降价来袭!优惠13万,限时特惠

The Cadillac XT5 is an elegant and dynamic luxury SUV with a refined design that does not lose power. On the front face, the XT5 features the Cadillac family’s iconic shield-shaped air intake grille. The chrome decoration highlights the brand identity, and the LED headlight set gives the vehicle a sharp and eye-catching visual impact. The overall style blends luxury and sports elements, and the lines are smooth and powerful, creating a steady and dynamic body profile. Whether from a distance or up close, the XT5 shows a unique charm, attracting the focus of the eye.

唐山凯迪拉克XT5降价来袭!优惠13万,限时特惠

The Cadillac XT5 presents an elegant and dynamic body line with its well-designed side profile. The body size reaches 4813mm*1903mm*1682mm, and the wheelbase reaches 2857mm, ensuring plenty of interior space and driving stability. The front and rear wheelbases are both 1645mm, which not only guarantees the balance of driving, but also reflects the delicate craftsmanship of the vehicle. The tire size is 235/65 R18, and it is matched with a unique style of wheels, which not only provides good grip, but also further enhances the overall appearance.

唐山凯迪拉克XT5降价来袭!优惠13万,限时特惠

The interior design of the Cadillac XT5 reflects the combination of luxury and refinement, with elegant lines and elegant materials to create a comfortable driving space. The refined leather-wrapped steering wheel not only feels comfortable, but also supports manual up, down, and front and rear adjustments, ensuring that the driver can easily find the best operating angle. The 8-inch central control screen has a clear display, integrated multimedia system, navigation, phone and air conditioning functions, and supports automatic speech recognition, which is convenient for the driver to operate.

In terms of seats, the XT5 is made of imitation leather and genuine leather, which is excellent in both touch and support. The front seats are equipped with 4-way adjustment and waist support functions, and the driver’s seat also has electric memory, which is convenient for the driver to personalize. The passenger seat also provides multi-directional adjustment, including backrest, high and low and waist support. The second row of seats supports front and rear adjustment and backrest adjustment to meet the comfort needs of passengers. And the rear seats can be proportionally reclined for more flexible space utilization. The overall interior design takes into account practicality and luxury, bringing a pleasant experience to the occupant.

唐山凯迪拉克XT5降价来袭!优惠13万,限时特惠

The Cadillac XT5 is equipped with a powerful 2.0T engine, which can reach a maximum power of 174 kilowatts, equivalent to 237 horsepower, providing plenty of driving power for the vehicle. The engine is also matched with a 9-speed automatic transmission, which ensures smooth power transmission and driving experience. In terms of torque output, it can reach 350 Nm, providing the driver with solid acceleration performance.

Overall, the Autohome owner was full of praise for the exterior design of the Cadillac XT5, describing it as stable and atmospheric, with a strong front face and smooth body lines. The owner expressed a high degree of recognition for the exquisite and personalized exterior design of the body workmanship, which undoubtedly added a lot to the XT5. While having such an excellent appearance, the inherent charm of the XT5 is also worth looking forward to, which undoubtedly satisfies the owner’s pursuit of luxury and power.

The Cannes Double Prize film "Dogs" will be released in the UK on August 30

Directed by Guan Hu and starring Peng Yuyan and Tong Liya, the Cannes double-prize film "Dog Formation" will be officially released in major cinemas in the UK and Ireland on August 30. On August 18 local time, the film held its UK premiere in London. Director Guan Hu, producer and chief producer Liang Jing attended the event, and actor Peng Yuyan also participated in the post-screening exchange through video connection. It is worth mentioning that the film "Dog Formation" was also selected for the non-competition section of the 2024 Edinburgh International Film Festival, and received many praise in a series of screenings in the UK. Some comments said that "this film is full of power and worth watching."

At the UK premiere event, the audience responded enthusiastically. The audience of the second film said that "the film has strong stamina", and the audience bluntly said that "it is very surprising, with expression and content, full of aesthetic value, and the composition and photography are full of film feeling". At the event, director Guan Hu shared his original intention of creating, "Time will forget many people, and film, as an art medium, has the responsibility to record and present these people. Many people who are not seen are still trying to live, and" Dog Array "is like a force, giving these people courage, helping them break through the predicament, embark on a new life journey, and regain a new life." Regarding the international screening, director Guan Hu said that the film has text ambiguity, and even if the audience’s growth and cultural background are different, they can still gain different feelings from it, hoping to promote cultural exchanges between China and the UK through "Dog Formation".

The movie "Dog Formation" won the best film in the "One Kind of Attention" section at the 77th Cannes International Film Festival. The dog actor Xiao Xin in the film won the "Golden Palm of Dogs" jury award for his outstanding performance. This time, Toby Rose, the founder of the Cannes Dog Palm d’Or, hosted the UK premiere of "Dog Formation". He once expressed his love for the film in Cannes. "The film" Dog Formation "is of great significance, and the director Guan Hu threw himself into the creation with the most authentic attitude." On the same day, the distributor also organized a special "Dog Friendly Screening". Many audience members brought their pets to watch the movie together. The warm atmosphere made the sincere feelings of one person and one dog in the film more deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. After the movie, Peng Yuyan also shared his behind-the-scenes story with Xiao Xin, a dog, online. He praised Xiao Xin as a "real actor" because he developed a deep emotion with Xiao Xin, a dog, during the filming process, so he adopted a dog to live with. The dog is like a gift.

Since the film was screened in Cannes and released in China, its philosophical expression of the author and the lens language of great aesthetic value have won unanimous praise from professional filmmakers at home and abroad. The vivid story of "one person and one dog redeeming each other" and the healing core of "embracing new life" in the film have also brought hope and strength to ordinary audiences. It is a word-of-mouth masterpiece that should not be missed this year. The film has been repeatedly recognized in the international film industry, fully proving its artistic value and international influence. As the film has landed in overseas theaters one after another, I believe this story can bring hope and strength to more audiences to start again.